1. Introduction

2. Subfield of human geography that looks at how cultures vary over space. Language Religion Ethnicity Popular Culture

3. A total way of life held in common by a group of people, including learned features such as language, ideology, behavior, technology, and government.

4. Lifestyles Creations Relationships to the earth and the supernatural

6. Use techniques from Sociology- study of society Anthropology- study of humanity Psychology- science of behavior and mental processes History And other disciplines to better understand the spatial dimensions of human cultures throughout the inhabited world (THE ECUMENE).

7. Explore the various ways cultural qualities diffuse to other parts of the world. Study how and why specific cultural traits are so easily transmitted and accepted in other parts of the world.

8. Cultural traits The specific customs that are part of the everyday life of a particular culture. Language Ideology Behavior Technology Government Cultural complex The group of traits that define a particular culture

9. Artifacts Any item that represents a material aspect of culture Customs Practices followed by the people of a particular cultural group Traditions A cohesive collection of customs within a cultural group Syncretic- borrow from both the past and present Dynamic- change over time

10. MATERIAL VERSUS NONMATERIAL ASPECTS OF CULTURE?

11. Hearth Place of origin Diffusion Process of spread

12. The expansion of cultural traits through diffusion, adoption, and other related processes

13. The adoption of cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another

14. Obliteration of an entire culture by war, disease, acculturation, or a combination of the three.

15. Environmental determinism versus possibilism

16. A doctrine that claims that cultural traits are formed and controlled by environmental conditions. ENVIRONMENT WILL DETERMINE HOW YOUR SOCIETY IS.

17. Often used by European states to justify their colonization of native peoples in Africa, South America, Australia, and elsewhere. Hot muggy climates= less intelligent and industrious human beings. Temperate climates= more intelligent and industrious human beings.

18. Different environmental conditions offer both restraints and opportunities to people living in various regions. Environmental will limit a society but technology can overcome those limitations.

19. The degree to which a particular culture is influenced by environmental forces depends on the level of technology prevalent within that society.

20. Cultures in the more developed areas of the globe have designed various technologies to counteract environmental limitations. Cultures in the less developed areas of the world encounter greater limitations from certain environmental conditions.

21. Argues that the environment places no restrictions on humans whatsoever. The only restrictions we face are the ones we place on ourselves. Humans create everything from their cultural perspective.

23. Compare to Environmental Determinism and Possibilism!