1. Lesson 3
Psychoactive Drugs

2. Effects of Psychoactive Drugs
Chemicals that affect the central nervous system and alter activity in the brain
Change the functioning of the CNS
4 main groups of psychoactive drugs: stimulants, depressants, opiates and hallucinogens
Some serve a medical purpose but when abused functioning of all body systems are affected
Teen brain and body development can be damaged

3. Consequences of Psychoactive Drugs
Poor judgment and behavior
Become at risk for unintentional injuries, violence, STDs, unintended pregnancy and suicide

4. Club Drugs
Describes drugs found at concerts, dance clubs and drug parties (raves)
Can be disguised in foods, or slipped in a drink w/o a person knowing
Designer drugs- synthetic drugs that are made to imitate the effects of other drugs
Can be several hundred times stronger then the drugs they imitate

5. Ecstasy Both stimulant and hallucinogenic effects
Hallucinogen- drugs that alter moods, thoughts, and sense of perceptions including vision, hearing, smell and touch
May cause short-term euphoria- a feeling of intense well-being or elation

6. Rohypnol
A.K.A roofies
They are depressants- drugs that tend to slow the central nervous system
they are colorless, odorless and tasteless
Often called the date-rape drug

7. GHB- gamma hydroxybutyric acid
Central Nervous System depressant
Available as a clear liquid, white powder, and tablets and capsules
Can be used as a date-rape drug

8. Ketamine Anesthetic used to treat animals
Causes hallucinations and may result in respiratory failure
Consequences include memory loss, numbness, and impaired motor function

9. Methamphetamine (meth)
Considered a stimulant- drugs that speed up the CNS
White, odorless, colorless powder that easily dissolves
Provides a short-term euphoria
Causes depression, paranoia, and delusions
Can cause death

10. LSD (acid) Lysergic acid diethylamide
Causes hallucinations and severely distorted perceptions of sound and color
Flashbacks can occur (states in which a drug user experiences the emotional effects of a drug long after its actual use)
May experience emotions ranging from extreme euphoria to panic, to terror, or deep depression

11. Other Stimulants
Cocaine
Crack
Amphetamines

12. Cocaine Rapidly acting, powerful and highly addictive stimulant
White powder extracted from the leaves of the coca plant
Illegal
May experience a surge of self-confidence and euphoria
Feelings of confidence are followed by feelings of emotional let down
Regular use can lead to depression, fatigue, paranoia and physiological dependence

13. Crack Dangerous form of cocaine (also called rock or freebase rock)
Reaches the brain in seconds after being smoked or injected
Once in blood, heart rate and blood pressure soar to dangerous levels
Cardiac and respiratory failure can result in death

14. Amphetamines Highly addictive
Some use to stay alert, improve athletic performance or lose weight
Regular use can cause irregular heartbeat, paranoia, aggressive behavior, and heart failure

15. Other Depressants
Slow heart and respiration rates and lowers blood pressure
Barbiturates
Sedatives that are rarely used for medical purposes
Causes mood changes, excessive sleepiness and coma
Tranquilizers
Relieve anxiety, muscle spasms, sleeplessness and nervousness
When overused, can cause physiological and psychological dependence, coma and death

16. Hallucinogens
Can cause serious mental/emotional and physical consequences for users
Alter mood, and impair judgment, thoughts and sense of perception
May behave in way they usually wouldn’t and believe they are invincible
Can cause increase in heart and respiratory rates which can lead to heart and respiratory failure and can cause coma
Overload sensory controls in the brain causing confusion, intensified sensations and hallucinations

17. PCP (angel dust) Most dangerous of all drugs
Effects vary for each user
Creates distorted sense of time, increased muscle strength, increased feelings of violence, and inability to feel pain
Overdoses can cause death
Most PCP deaths are caused by the destructive behavior or disorientation that the drug produces
Flashbacks can occur

18. DXM (tussin) Cough suppressant sold as over-the-counter medicine
When used properly it is not dangerous
When misused, can cause hallucinations, paranoia, panic attacks, nausea, increased heart rate and blood pressure, seizures and addiction

19. Mushrooms or Peyote Hallucinogens found in nature as a fungus or plant
When eaten, they cause hallucinations, nausea and flashbacks
Can lead to poisoning and death when dealers harvest toxic species

20. Opiates Also called narcotics
Drugs such as those derived from the opium plant that are obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain
When used accordingly following directions provided by a healthcare professional, they are an effective pain reliever
Abusing opiates dulls senses, causes drowsiness, constipation, slow and shallow breathing, convulsions and death
Pharmacists record all sales of opiates since it is very addictive

21. Codeine Highly active ingredient in some prescription cough medicines
Can cause drowsiness
Can cause dizziness, labored breathing, low blood pressure, seizures and respiratory arrest

22. Morphine Much stronger then codeine
Sometimes prescribed to treat severe pain for a short time
Side effects include fast or slow heartbeat, seizures, hallucinations, blurred vision, rashes and difficulty swallowing

23. Heroin Processed form of morphine that is injected, snorted or smoked
Comes in different forms: white or brownish powder, and a black, sticky tar
Dealers may mix heroin w/ medicines or household substances to create other forms, such as “cheese” or “cheese heroin”
Slows breathing and pulse rate
Can cause infection of the heart lining and valves as well as liver disease

24. Oxycodone
When used properly under supervision of a doctor, it’s a prescription drug that helps relieve moderate to severe chronic pain
Side effect – suppression of the respiratory system which can cause death from respiratory failure

25. Homework
Pg. 610 # 1-5
To be collected next class