1. Green Recovery And Reconstruction: Training Toolkit For Humanitarian Aid Project Design, Monitoring and Evaluation Session 2: Environmental Monitoring & Project Strategy

2. 2 Mod 2 Ses 2A 1.Describe why it is important to incorporate environmental considerations into Project Design, M&E: Workshop Learning Objectives Project Environment

3. 3 Mod 2 Ses 2A Workshop Learning Objectives 2.Integrate environmental indicators into the project strategy and every step of the project cycle.

4. 4 Mod 2 Ses 2A Workshop Learning Objectives 3.Select and measure environmental indicators (be S.M.A.R.T.).

5. 5 Mod 2 Ses 2A Workshop Learning Objectives 4.Demonstrate that integrating environmental monitoring into your project does not have to be difficult, costly, or time-consuming. 5.Do you have additional objectives?

6. 6 Mod 2 Ses 2A Greening the Logframe Narrative description Objectively verifiable indicators Sources of information Risks, hypothesis, assumptions Impact: Outcome: Output: Activities: Inputs:

7. 7 Mod 2 Ses 2A Methodology 1. Brief presentations + Action Learning 2. Discuss and test M&E concepts, policies and tools 3. Share experiences 4. Participant feedback and evaluation First, what is a GRRT module?

8. 8 Mod 2 Ses 2A Key Concepts of the Module This module builds upon four key concepts: 1.Disaster response projects impact the environment – both positively and negatively. 2.Disaster response projects need to be assessed and designed to ensure:  environmental issues are identified,  negative environmental impacts are minimized  positive environmental opportunities are supported.

9. 9 Mod 2 Ses 2A Key Concepts of the Module, cont. 3.Monitoring of disaster response projects needs to include indicators that identify and measure achievement or changes for specific environment- related objectives or sub-objectives. 4.These projects need to be evaluated to determine if the environment-related actions were appropriate and what their impact was, and to draw lessons learned for future projects.

10. 10 Mod 2 Ses 2A Indicators What are “indicators” as applied to M&E? Indicators provide clear statements of the precise information needed to assess whether proposed changes have occurred. Indicators can be quantitative (numeric) or qualitative (descriptive observations)

11. 11 Mod 2 Ses 2 Generic Project Management Cycle 2. Problem/Stakeholder Analysis 3. Project Design 4. Implementation 6. Evaluation / Lessons Learned 1. Initial Assessment Start Project 5. Monitoring

12. 12 Mod 2 Ses 2 Project Management Cycle With M & E Post-Disaster Disaster 2. Problem/Stakeholder Analysis 3. Project Design 4. Implementation 6. Evaluation / Lessons Learned 1. Initial Assessment 5. Monitoring

13. 13 Mod 2 Ses 2A How is each stage of the project cycle linked to environmental monitoring? 1.Initial Assessment 2.Problem/Stakeholder analysis 3.Project Design 4.Implementation 5.Monitoring 6.Evaluation/Lessons Learned Take 3-4 minutes and write answer on flip chart.

14. 14 Mod 2 Ses 2A Case Study: Tropico  Small arid country  Drought for three years  Mainly rural population  Needs assessment indicate high rate of malnutrition among children under 5 http://www.radio86.co.uk/system/files/images/drought1.jpg

15. 15 Mod 2 Ses 2A Analysis: Defining the problem MalnutritionInappropriate agricultural practices Poor crop production Food shortage Poor soil Water shortage Lack of agricultural inputs Salt intrusion from disaster Erosion Drought/ Desertification Lack of irrigation Destruction of irrigation infrastructure

16. 16 Mod 2 Ses 2A Plan the Response Malnutrition The problem How and where to attack the problem? Inappropriate agricultural practices ErosionPoor crop production Food shortage Poor soil Water shortage Lack of agricultural inputs Drought/ Desertification Lack of irrigation Salt intrusion from disaster Destruction of irrigation infrastructure

17. 17 Mod 2 Ses 2A Plan the Response Increase availability of food Reduce incidence of malnutrition A solution But this solution doesn’t address root causes Inappropriate agricultural practices Erosion Poor crop production Poor soil Water shortage Lack of agricultural inputs Drought/ Desertification Lack of irrigation Salt intrusion from disaster Destruction of irrigation infrastructure

18. 18 Mod 2 Ses 2A Plan the Response Inappropriate agricultural practices Erosion Poor crop production Poor soil Water shortage Lack of agricultural inputs Drought/ Desertification Lack of irrigation Increase availability of food Reduce incidence of malnutrition A solution Another intervention point Salt intrusion from disaster Destruction of irrigation infrastructure

19. 19 Mod 2 Ses 2A Plan the Response Inappropriate agricultural practices Erosion Increase crop productivity Poor soil Water shortage Lack of agricultural inputs Drought/ Desertification Lack of irrigation Increase availability of food Reduce incidence of malnutrition Salt intrusion from disaster Destruction of irrigation infrastructure

20. 20 Mod 2 Ses 2A Plan the Response Improved agricultural practices Reduce erosion Increase crop productivity Improved soil fertility Increase availability of water Increased availability of inputs Improved adaptation to climate change Irrigation provided Increase availability of food Reduce incidence of malnutrition Additional intervention points

21. 21 Mod 2 Ses 2A Identify Environmental Impacts of the Intervention Points Example: Increase availability of agricultural inputs Potential environmental impacts Inputs: Activity: Outputs: Invasive/non-native species Seeds & tools Increased farming activity Increased forest conversion for agriculture Increased crop yields None This analysis is the essence of our workshop.

22. 22 Mod 2 Ses 2A How to Integrate Environmental Issues into Project Monitoring and Evaluation Step 1: Adapt your goal statement to include environmental conditions Step 2: Adapt the outputs Step 3: Integrate the environment into your project activities Step 4: Consider the role of the environment in your assessment risks Step 5: Integrate environmental indicators into project monitoring Step 6: Integrate the environment into project evaluation See Handout 2.2.1

23. 23 Mod 2 Ses 2A Step 1. Project objective Step 2. Project output Step 3. Project activity Step 4. ID assumptions & risk Step 5. Integrate env. indicators into project monitoring Exercise: Taking the Steps Set up your flip chart paper like this

24. 24 Mod 2 Ses 2A Step 1: Adapt your Goal Statement to include Environmental Conditions Example of a goal: Improve food security of vulnerable populations in post-conflict areas. No “intervention point” for environment here. BUT, if we change it to: Improve food security of vulnerable populations in post-conflict areas while maintaining integrity of local natural resources. THEN we can address, for example:  depletion of freshwater resources  introduction of invasive species  increasing forest conversion to agriculture

25. 25 Mod 2 Ses 2A Exercise: Step 1 Adapt your assigned goal to include environmental considerations Group 1: Reduce incidence of disease caused by poor sanitation Group 2: Provide shelter for all disaster affected families Group 3: Provide employment opportunities for 1,000 disaster impacted unemployed workers

26. 26 Mod 2 Ses 2A Step 2: Adapt the Outputs Improved agricultural practices Reduce erosion Increase crop productivity Improved soil fertility Increased availability of water Increased availability of inputs Irrigation provided Increase availability of food Reduce incidence of malnutrition Improved agricultural practices Reduce erosion Improved soil fertility Increased availability of water Increased availability of inputs Irrigation provided Increase availability of food Reduce incidence of malnutrition

27. 27 Mod 2 Ses 2A Step 2: Adapt the Outputs The initial outputs:  Increased availability of agricultural inputs (seeds and tools)  Improved soil fertility  Increased availability of water can become…. Revised outputs:  Increased availability of local seeds (non-invasive)  Improved soil fertility without use of harmful chemicals  Increased availability of sustainably sourced water for crop production

28. 28 Mod 2 Ses 2A Exercise: Step 2 Integrate the environment into your project outputs Group 1: Adequate latrines for all disaster affected families Group 2: Adequate shelters available for all affected families Group 3: Livelihood options available to the affected population

29. 29 Mod 2 Ses 2A Step 3: Integrate Environment into Project Activities  Increased availability of local seeds (non-invasive)  Improved soil fertility without use of harmful chemicals  Increased availability of sustainable sourced water for crop production  Seed multiplication of locally available (non-invasive) seeds  Train local farmers on composting techniques  Establish irrigation systems where sufficient water sources exist outputsActivities

30. 30 Mod 2 Ses 2A Exercise: Step 3 Adapt your activities to include environmental conditions Groups 1, 2 and 3: Identify at least one activity that will achieve the output you designed in the Step 2 exercise

31. 31 Mod 2 Ses 2A Step 4: Consider the Role of the Environment in your Assumptions and Risks For all projects there are assumptions about how your activities will yield the outputs Risks: the degree of the probability of problems resulting from the activity

32. 32 Mod 2 Ses 2A Exercise: Step 4 Identify assumptions and risks. Groups 1, 2 and 3: Identify at least one assumption you made and at least one risk regarding the activity you proposed in the Step 2 exercise.

33. 33 Mod 2 Ses 2A Step 5: Integrate Environmental Indicators into Project Monitoring What is the difference between an environmental indicator and a regular monitoring indicator?

34. 34 Mod 2 Ses 2A More About Indicators After Lunch