1. DRM Working Group FAO Rome
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION, AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY: FAO GOOD PRACTICE
DRM Working Group
FAO Rome

2. Overview Context Food security and systems in the hazard context
FAO and Climate Risk Management
Good Practice
Lessons

3. CONTEXT Increasing populations/urbanization
Increased demand for food and dietary convergence
Limited areas to enhance food production
Many hazard prone countries are LIFDCs
Climate change

4. FOOD SECURITY
Exists when all people at all times have physical or economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active healthy life.
Four dimension of food security: Availability, Access, Stability and Utilization
This is the definition of food security as agreed upon at the World Food Summit 1996 in Rome

5. HAZARD IMPACTS ON FOOD SYSTEMS
Food production losses
Infrastructure damage
Asset losses
Increased livelihood risks
More food emergencies
Health risks
The climate impacts of disasters on food systems are various.
The most immediate risks arise from triggered extreme events. They already affect food systems adversely, and require immediate response..
Gradual changes in temperature and precipitation require different responses.

6. How does FAO address DRR?
Development & disaster risk
reduction (DRR)
Emergency
response
period
Recovery & Rehabilitation
Normal economic/social growth pattern
Normal economic/social growth pattern
Ongoing
development
activities
Risk assessment
Mitigation/prevention
Warning/ evacuation
Recontruction
Search
& rescue
Preparedness
Economic/social recovery
Re-establish logistic routes
Restoration of infrastructural services
Major hazard/disaster
Coordination
For Agriculture climate induced hazard and disasters are of paramount importance.
We address the vulnerability of people to disasters within the ovweral context of food security and poverty
FAO;s approach to DRR is build on the foundations that we are
Addressing and linking all phases of risk management before, during and after extreme events, focusing particularly on hazard and hunger hotspots
Linking DRR and CCA and embedding both into sustainable development framework
Key messages
Linking Short & long term perspectives: Climate risk management is more than managing extreme events; BUT in any case
Disaster Risk Management is the first line of risk coping and adaptive action
Provide ongoing assistance
Emergency initiatives
Damage assessment
Recovery initiatives
DRR initiatives
Media response
Mainstreaming DRR into ongoing development processes

7. FAO Technical Support Risk reducing technologies
Sectoral policies and institutions
Infrastructure improvement
Climate and weather information
Emergency response and rehabilitation
Livelihoods support, promotion and diversification
new crop varieties, farming systems or water management technologies, etc
sparing use of water in drought times, reduce energy use
improved irrigation and/or forest fire management (water users association) etc.

8. Policy and local support: DRR and adaptation in agriculture
Local processes of risk reduction and adaptation
Policy-based measures
ENHANCING CAPACITIES
TECHNOLOGICAL
INSTITUTIONAL AND
BEHAVIOURAL
CREATING INCENTIVES FOR DRR and ADAPTATION AT FARM-LEVEL
DRR and ADAPTATION MEASURES IMPLEMENTED BY GOVERNMENT
modification of farm support services (e.g. seed supply systems for hazard resistant crops)
payments for environmental services including soil carbon sequestration in AG
modification of crop insurance support
Investments in public irrigation infrastructure
Programs & funding for research and extension on CCA (technology development/dissemination) etc.
Key message: need to act on both levels (local processes plus policies) by institutionalizing support for CBDRM/CBA

9. DRR/CAA Implementation Stakeholder Engagement
Approach
Assess current vulnerability, risks and local livelihoods by agro-ecological zone/socioeconomic setting
Assess future climate risks & overlay to current
Stakeholder Engagement
Enhance inst & technical capacities for adaptation
Identify, validate and test adaptation options
Design location-specific risk reduction strategies
Up-scaling and mainstreaming in annual (sectoral) development plans
Guiding principles
Building on what already exists
Focus on poor & small holders
Linking top down & bottom up perspectives
linking DRR & CCA; action research
Cross-sectoral livelihood perspective
AEZ as basis to describe adaptation optionS and guide their replication; equally important is the diffentiation of vulnerable groups within AEZ’- adapttaion option differ by groups/WEALTH.
Promoting local options Blending local & scientific knowledge - farmers and national research institutions as key partners
Source: FAO-LACC (2008)

10. GOOD PRACTICE Cuba, Grenada, Haiti and Jamaica
Impact mitigation of climatic hazards in agriculture
DRR integrated into sectoral planning in agriculture and
livestock sector
Pilot interventions at community level
Knowledge exchange on DRR among countries
Documentation of good practices for local risk reduction in AG:
diversified cropping
control soil erosion
tree management

11. GOOD PRACTICE - Indonesia: Building back better after the tsunami
Building capacities of local and provincial authorities as well as vulnerable fishing communities to jointly manage coastal fisheries in a sustainable way
Model of post-disaster rehabilitation and transition project – demonstrates how development practices can be applied in relief settings and emergency projects
Good practice for longer-term sustainable development in fisheries

12. Lessons Food security perspective: DRR and CCA go together
Address DRR/CCA within broader vulnerability context
No single approach or practice: use option menus by AEZ; systematic documentation; farmers take only what benefits; framework conditions may change
Push for doing better on known sustainable land and water management practices (no-regret)
Cross-sectoral perspective is essential: need to better catalyze sectoral buy-in as partners in DRR/CCA
Re-think the role of research: R&D linkages and extension services (for poor) as vehicles for DRR/CCA implementation
embedded into ongoing poverty alleviation & development processes