1. Europe in the Middle Ages
Chapter 14
Europe in the Middle Ages
Lesson 1
Feudalism and the Manor System
Lesson 2
The Church and the Rise of Cities
Lesson 3
The Crusades
Lesson 4
The Power of Kings
Name________________ MOD______

2. Section 1 Bell Ringer : Name one country in Western Europe Objectives
Find out how land and power were divided under Feudalism
Learn when the Middle Ages were and what they were like
Learn how the manor system worked
Discover what life qwas like for peasants and serfs

3. Vocabulary
Middle Ages –
The years between ancient and modern times
Medieval –
Referring to the middle ages
Feudalism –
A system in which land is owned by kings but held by vassals in return for their loyalty
Manor –
A large estate, often including farms and a village, ruled by a lord
Serf –
A farm worker considered part of the manor in which he or she worked

4. Feudalism and the Manor System
When was the beginning and the ending of the Middle Ages?
They began about A.D. 500 and they ended about A.D. 1500
2. What did Charlemagne accomplishment during his reign?
He kept Western Europe united, established schools, spread the Christian religion, issued money and improved the economy
3. Why do you think lords believed it was important to give vassals land and to treat them well?
They wanted the vassals to remain loyal and to fight for them when necessary

5. 4. Who held the power in the feudal system?
Those who owned land such as kings, barons and princes
5. What was life like for Medieval Peasants ?
Peasants worked hard for most of their lives. They lived in one room huts. They slept in uncomfortable beds, and ate simple foods

6. The Church and the Rise of Cities
Section 2
The Church and the Rise of Cities
Objectives
Learn why the Roman Catholic church was so powerful during the Middle Ages
Discover the connection between the increase in trade and the growth of towns
Find out what life was like in a medieval town

7. Bell Ringer
Tall spires reach toward the heavens. Gorgeous stained-glassed windows feature rich colors. Sculptures and carvings of people, plants, and animals seem to be everywhere. Amazing flying buttresses - masses of stonework or brickwork attached to the walls- help hold the building up. What is this building?

8. Vocabulary A medieval organization of craftsmen or trades people
Clergy –
People with authority to perform religious services
Excommunication –
Kicking someone out of the church
Guild –
A medieval organization of craftsmen or trades people
Apprentice –
An unpaid person training in a craft or trade
Chivalry –
The code of honorable conduct for knights
Troubadour –
A traveling poet or musician in the middle ages

9. Partnerd up 405 How was the church organized?
How was the church into everyone’s everyday life?
What services did the monasteries and convents provide?
What is scholasticism and who did the Christian scholars decide it was necessary?
Why did people finally decide it was safe to travel and trade?
Why did towns begin to grow?
What was town life based on?
How did a person work up from an apprentice to be part of a guild?
How did overcrowding lead to disease?
Name and describe several things that shaped medieval culture.

10. The Church in the Middle Ages
1. What gave the church so much political power?
A combination of its religious power and the economic power it obtained from collecting taxes and being the largest single land owner in Western Europe
2. What unique opportunity did covenants offer to women?
The opportunity to have an education
3. Why did people begin to travel more in Western Europe?
Feudalism and the Church had stablized the region making it a safer place

11. The Crusades Section 3 Objectives
Learn about the cause of the Crusades
Find out about the different Crusades and what they accomplished
Discover the effects the Crusades had on life in Europe

12. Vocabulary
Holy Land –
Jerusalem and parts of the surrounding area where Jesus lived and taught
Crusades –
A series of military expeditions launched by Christian Europeans to win the Holy Land back from Muslim control
Jerusalem –
A city in the Holy Land regarded by Christians, Muslims and Jews as Holy Land
Pilgrim –
A person who journeys to a holy place
What are the Crusades?
Eight military expeditions started be the church to capture the Holy Land

13. 2. How did the Turks attack on the Byzantine empire help trigger the Crusades?
The Byzantine emperor in Constantinople asked for Pope Urban II to send knights for help and defend against Muslim Turks
3. What city in the Holy Land attracted religious pilgrims?
Jerusalem

14. The power of Kings Section 4 Objectives
Learn about the forces that led to nation building in Western Europe
Find out about nation building in England
Discover how the Hundred years war affected England and France

15. Bell Ringer
What might happen if greedy people all want the same thing?

16. Vocabulary Magna Carta –
The great charter that was signed by King John in It limited the king’s power over the nobles
Model Parliament –
A council of Lords, Clergy and Common People that advised the English clergy on government matters
Hundred Years’ War –
A series of wars between England and France
What things do a people of a nation share?
Territory, government and often language and culture
2. How do you think the development of nations affected the power of a church?
It probably decreased the Church’s power because kings had become powerful enough to challenge the church

17. 3. How did King John anger the people of England?
He taxed people unfairly and jailed people unjustly
4. How did he anger the church?
He objected the appointment of the bishop and seized Church property

18. Bell Ringer
What are two things that King John did that angered the nobles?
Challenge #7 Do not call out in class- Raise your hand

19. Chapter 15 Lesson 1 The Renaissance and Reformation
The Renaissance begins
Lesson 2
The Renaissance moves North
Lesson 3
Martin Luther and the Reformation
Lesson 4
Reformation ideas spread
Objectives
Discover who could be a Roman citizen
Find out how Romans of different social classes lived
Understand the importance of family life in the Roman society
Learn about slavery in ancient Rome

20. Bell Ringer
By just looking at the word Reformation, What do you think it might mean?
What other words are contained inside the word Reformation?

21. Vocabulary Renaissance -
A widespread change of culture that happened in Europe beginning in the 1300s
Humanism –
An interest in the classics
How did the wealth and independence of Italian city-states encourage cultural changes?
Wealthy merchants had time to pursue art, reading and writing. Artists and writers could work in the city-states free from control of kings, nobles and the church

22. 2. Why do you think classical works were largely ignored during the middle ages?
The church had great influence in the Middle Ages, and it wanted people to turn away from the worship of many gods
3. What was the main focus of Renaissance visual arts?
Renaissance visual artists focused on nature and human form

23. Section 2 The Renaissance moves North Objectives :
Understand how the Renaissance spread from Italy to the North
Identify key literary figures and ideas of the northern Renaissance
Identify key artists and artistic ideas of the Northern Renaissance

24. Vocabulary Movable Type-
Individual letters and marks that can be arraigned and rearranged quickly
How did Gutenberg's printing press contribute to the spread of Renaissance ideas?
Books became more available to more people and helped to spread more ideas and information
2. In What way did Northern Renaissance thinkers, such as Erasmus, apply the ideas of humanism?
Erasmus and others applied humanism to religious teachings

25. 3. Why was the printing press an important tool for spreading new ideas during the Renaissance?
Before the invention of the printing press all documents were hand written this took time and few copies were created

26. Section 3 Martin Luther and the Reformation Objectives
Understand the developments that led to the Reformation
Learn about Luther’s criticism of the church
Understand the immediate effects of Luther’s ideas in Europe

27. Where did the Renaissance start?
Bell Ringer
Where did the Renaissance start?

28. Vocabulary Indulgence –
An official pardon of a sin given by the Pope in exchange for money
Salvation –
To go to heaven in religious terms
Reformation -
The term used to describe Luther’s break with the church and the movement it inspired

29. What kind of movement was the Reformation?
The Reformation was a religious movement
2. Who started the movement?
Martin Luther started the Reformation
3. What was the main effect of the Reformation?
It created a faith that was different that the beliefs of the Church

30. Certificate of Achievement
4. Why didn’t the church punish Luther?
Luther’s popularity was getting stronger and the church was worried about a revolt
5.What event marked the success of the Reformation?
The peace of Augsburg
Certificate of Achievement

31. Section 4 Reformation ideas spread Objectives
Learn that Luther was the first of several religious reformers
Identify other religious movements of the 1500’s in Europe
Understand how the Catholic Church responded to the Reformation

32. Bell Ringer
Who was Martin Luther and what did he do?

33. Vocabulary Protestant –
Refers to the Christian groups that separated from the Catholic church
What belief did Calvin share with Luther?
They both believed that faith alone would win salvation
2. What was the function of the Jesuits?
The Jesuits worked to educate people and spread the Christian faith