1. Dramatic Literary Elements

2. Drama Is meant to be seen or performed, not read. Drama becomes a play when it is acted out Contains elements similar to prose/novels ◦ Setting, plot, characters, and theme Also, it has its own elements: ◦ Lighting, sets, props, and costumes Drama began as an outdoor event

3. Tragedy and Comedy Tragedy The hero is overtaken by his tragic flaw ◦ A tragic flaw: the hero’s weakness, commonly, the seven deadly sins. ◦ A tragic hero: a hero who is brought down by their tragic flaw There is comedy within tragedies From the Greek word for “goat song” “Everyone dies in the end.” Comedy Where the hero overcomes his flaws and triumphs in the end. Has a ‘happy ending’ Hint: ◦ Think of Adam Sandler movies From the Latin comoedia which was formed by combining komos, meaning “to revel,” and aeidein, meaning “to sing.”

4. Catharsis An emotional release which creates a moral or spiritual renewel or relief from tension and anxiety The intent is for the audience to leave feeling relief after viewing the play, especially that it did not happen to them Literally means “cleansing”

5. Dialogue is a conversation that is used to reveal characters and advance the plot. ◦ What the characters say. Fun fact: ◦ Derived from the Greek word dialogosa, which means conversation. Dialogosa evolved from the Greek work dialegesthai meaning discourse. Examples: In plays it looks like: Abigail: That were only soup Hale: What sort of soup were in this kettle, Abigail? In prose: “You’re an old woman,” said Brave Orchid.

6. Monologue Is a speech by one person in a drama, a form of entertainment by a single speaker, or an extended part of the text uttered by an actor. Other characters will be on the stage At the beginning of the Tonight Show the comedians do their monologues. Taken from the Greek word mologos, which means speaking alone. Example: MACBETH. Is this a dagger which I see before me, The handle toward my hand? Come, let me clutch thee! I have thee not, and yet I see thee still. Art thou not, fatal vision, sensible To feeling as to sight? Or art thou but A dagger of the mind, a false creation, Proceeding from the heat oppressed brain?

7. Soliloquy A speech delivered by a character while alone, or by someone who is talking to themselves and disregarded by the other characters on stage Used to frequently share a characters internal feelings, thoughts, state of mind, motives or intentions to the audience\ From the Latin word: soliloquium derived by combining solus, meaning “alone,” and loqui, meaning “to speak.” Example: HAMLET. To be, or not to be: that is the question: Whether 'tis nobler in the mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them?...

8. Stage Directions A playwright’s written instructions about how the actors are to move and behave within the play Describes the direction a player should move, facial expressions, gestures, etc. Often in italics within a script Example: HALE, watching Mary Warren closely: Child, you are certain this be your natural memory? May it be, perhaps that someone conjures you even now to say this?

9. Dramatic Irony is a device whereby a character’s words or actions have one meaning for the character and quite a different meaning for the audience. The audience is usually “in the know” on events that characters are unaware of * This should be a review from the literary elements PowerPoint