1. First Aid
CPR
AED
CHS - Health Chapter 27

2. American Red Cross Introduction (2:31)
Video
American Red Cross Introduction (2:31)

3. Pair-Share What is First Aid?

4. First Aid
Immediate, temporary care given to an ill or injured person until professional medical care can be provided.

5. Save A Life! 3 steps in responding to an emergency:
Any guesses? 3 C’s:
C ___________

6. Respond - The 3 C’s
CHECK
CALL
CARE

7. Checking an Unconscious Adult and Child (3:36)
The scene
Is it safe for YOU to enter?
What can you gather from the surroundings that might help you infer what happened?
Examples of an unsafe scene?
The victim(s)
Unconscious? Life-threatening condition?
Need IMMEDIATE care!
Only move a victim if he/she is in direct physical danger
Checking an Unconscious Adult and Child (3:36)

8. CALL
YOU call or tell someone else at the scene to call - 911!

9. CARE Gain CONSENT from victim if possible.
Child under the the age of 18 - need consent from a parent/guardian
Unconscious victim? - Implied consent
Good Samaritan Laws
LOOK IT UP! … Book, cell phone, ask your neighbor!

10. Good Samaritan Laws
Statutes that protect rescuers from being sued for giving emergency care.

11. CARE Use Standard (Universal) Precautions
Steps taken to prevent the spread of disease through blood and other body fluids when providing first aid or health care.
Any examples?
Sterile gloves, breathing barrier, washing hands

12. First Aid - Wounds 4 Types of Wounds Abrasion Laceration Puncture
Avulsion

13. Abrasion - Laceration - Puncture - Avulsion
Also known as a scrape; Skin is scraped against a hard surface, breaking the surface of the skin.
2. A small, but deep hole caused by a sharp and narrow object.
3. Skin or tissue is partly or completely torn away. Usually require stitches.
4. Caused by a sharp object slicing through layers of skin.

14. Share a personal story with your neighbor!
Pair -Share
Any memories??
Share a personal story with your neighbor!

15. First Aid - Bleeding Use Standard Precautions
IF bleeding is severe, call 911 first before taking these next steps:
Wash wound thoroughly
Raise wounded part above heart level
Cover wound with sterile gauze or cloth
Put pressure on the gauze- do not stop to check wound
Apply more gauze if needed
5 min - if wound continues to bleed, call 911

16. First Aid - Bleeding Caution: Video shows use of fake blood/make-up!
Controlling External Bleeding (2:28)

17. First Aid - Muscles, Bones & Joints
Fracture - a break in a bone
Dislocation - a separation of a bone from its normal position in a joint
R.I.C.E
Rest, Immobilize ,Cold , Elevate
Injuries to Muscles, Bones and Joints (1:41)

18. First Aid - Burns
Caused by HEAT - flame, hot objects, scalding hot water or steam, electricity, certain chemicals or over exposure to the sun
Superficial Burn(1st degree) Partial- Thickness Burn(2nd degree)
Full-Thickness Burn (3rd degree)

19. Superficial Burn (1st Degree)
Minor burns involving only the outer layer of the skin called the epidermis.
Symptoms
Red skin, possible swelling & pain
CARE (All 1st degree & some 2nd degree)
Cool the burned area by holding it under cool running water for at least 5 minutes
If not possible, immerse burn in cool water or wrap in cool cloth
DO NOT USE ICE!
Cover burn loosely with sterile gauze/bandage
OTC pain reliever

20. Partial-Thickness (2nd Degree)
Burns involving the epidermis and the underlying layers of the skin called the dermis.
Symptoms
Very red skin, blisters, severe pain and swelling.
May require medical attention
CARE
Follow same steps for 1st degree
If signs of infection develop (increased pain, redness, fever, swelling or oozing) Seek medical help.
If a sever 2nd burn - call 911

21. Full-Thickness (3rd Degree)
Severe burns involving all layers of the skin and may penetrate tissue.
Symptoms
Possible charred black or white and dry skin, possible visible muscle and/or bone.
Requires medical attention
CARE
Call 911
Cover burned area with a clean moist cloth
DO NOT remove burned clothing unless it is still smoldering
Do NOT immerse large burned area in cool water - victim can go into shock.

22. Sudden Illness - Jigsaw Notes
Home base group of 6, each group member will choose a number to become an expert on! Experts will meet in a like group to discuss their topic, and will then report back to their home base to teach the rest of the group.
You will have 5 minutes in your expert groups!
Nose Bleeds
Fainting
Poisoning
Animal & Snake Bites
Concussion
Unconsciousness

23. Sudden Illness Quiz
When treating a nose bleed how long do you attempt to stop the bleeding before seeking medical help?
What are the first aid steps for someone who faints?
What is the first step to take in any case of suspected poisoning?
What are the basics of treating an animal bite?
What exactly is a concussion?
If you find someone who is unconscious what are the first three things you should do?

24. First Aid - Allergic Reactions
Allergy - a specific reaction of the immune system to a foreign and frequently harmless substance
Allergens include (not limited to):
Pollen, certain foods, dust, mold spores, chemicals, insect venom, animal dander and certain medications.
Common reactions - sneezing/runny nose
Serious reactions - life-threatening symptoms
Severe hives, itching, swelling of an area, difficulty breathing/swallowing, swelling of tongue/mouth/eyes, sharp drop in blood pressure
Anyone know the most common cause of food allergies?
NUTS
What is the most dangerous reaction to an allergy known as?
Anaphylaxis

25. Epi Pen Demonstration
Life-threatening allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) will most likely require the use of an Epi Pen. It is a self-injectable device that contains Epinephrine.
Inject into outer thigh - Epinephrine will be delivered through the muscle and into the bloodstream to combat the allergic reaction
Epi Pen mg (typically)
Epi Pen Jr mg (typically)

26. Recognizing & Caring for Shock (1:52)
First Aid - Shock
A life-threatening condition in which the heart is not delivering an adequate supply of blood to the body.
Symptoms Include:
Cold, Clammy skin, which may appear pale or grayish
Weak, rapid pulse and altered breathing
Dull, staring eyes, which may have dilated pupils
Fainting, weakness, confusion, or loss of consciousness
Recognizing & Caring for Shock (1:52)

27. Learn how to spot the signs of a stroke - use the acronym F.A.S.T.
First Aid - Stroke
An acute injury in which blood flow to the brain is interrupted- can be caused by a hemorrhage or a clot
Learn how to spot the signs of a stroke - use the acronym F.A.S.T.
Face - Ask victim to smile, one side of the face may droop.
Arm - Ask victim to raise both arms, one arm may become weak or numb
Speech - Ask victim to speak a simple sentence. Speech may be slurred.
Time - to call 911, if someone shows any of these symptoms…
even if they go away. Note the time when symptoms were first noticed.

28. What is the universal sign for choking?
First Aid - Choking
Choking occurs when an object is stuck in a person’s windpipe, cutting of the flow of oxygen.
What is the universal sign for choking?
(On the count of 3 demonstrate it …...1,2,3!)

29. First Aid - Conscious Choking
Symptoms/signs of choking include:
Difficulty breathing, inability to breathe easily, inability to cough forcefully, face or lips turning blue/purple and possible loss of consciousness.
First Aid -
If the person can cough, encourage them to “keep coughing”.
They may be able to dislodge the item themselves
If a person is clearly choking and needs assistance, call 911.
Gain consent from the victim if they are conscious.
Alternate 5 abdominal thrusts followed by 5 back blows
If the person loses consciousness, lower them to the ground.
Continue care for choking with modified CPR.
Conscious Choking - Adult & Child (2:25)
Conscious Choking - Infant (1:56)

30. First Aid - Unconscious Choking
Adult and Child
Use modified CPR
CPR, finger/pinkie sweep for dislodged item after your chest compressions
Infant
Same care as conscious choking
5 back blows, followed by 5 chest compressions (using 2-3 fingers)
What would you do with a pregnant or large individual? Discuss with your neighbor ….

31. Cardiac Emergencies Cardiac Chain of Survival
A sequence of actions that maximize the victim’s chance of survival.

32. Heart Attack (Circulation Issue) Cardiac Arrest (Electrical Issue)
Cardiac Emergencies
Occurs when the heart does not function properly, and blood does not reach the brain and vital organs
Most common Cardiac Emergencies:
Heart Attack (Circulation Issue)
Cardiac Arrest (Electrical Issue)
The Heart's Electrical System (5:35)

33. CPR - Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Basic Cycle of CPR: 30 Compressions, 2 Rescue Breaths
Recognizing & Caring for Cardiac Emergencies (4:28)
CPR - Adult & Child (7:46)
Adult
Compress at least 2 inches
2 rescue breaths (1sec)
Child
Compress about 2 inches
2 rescue breaths (1 sec)
Infant
Compress 1 ½ inches
Use 2-3 fingers
2 Rescue breaths (1 sec)

34. AED - Automated External Defibrillator
A device that delivers an electric shock to the heart to restore its normal rhythm
Using an AED (4:45)

35. Silent Reading & Assessment
Chapter 27, Lesson #4 (pg #
HW - “Reviewing Facts & Vocabulary” #1-3
HW - “Thinking Critically” #4 & #5