1. Male v. Female Skeleton Male larger hip bones more narrow more bone mass Female wider hip bones angle at symphysis pubis is greater less bone mass

2. Types of Joints Fibrous (immovable) sutures Cartilaginous (slightly movable) symphysis pubis between vertebrae Between ribs and vertebrae Connected with disks of fibrocartilage Synovial (movable)

4. Types of Joints - Synovial Covered with hyaline cartilage Bursae Fluid filled sacs b/w skin and processes

5. Types of Joints - Synovial Ball and socket Shoulder and hip Highly movable joint Allow movement in all directions Condyloid Metacarpals and phalanges Metatarsals and phalanges

6. Types of Joints - Synovial Gliding (sliding) Wrist and ankle Allows bones to slide in all directions Hinge Elbow Knee Allows bones to move back and forth

7. Types of Joints - Synovial Pivot Radius and ulna Saddle Thumb

8. Arthritis Inflamed, swollen joints Osteoarthritis Most common; old age Articular cartilage wears down

9. Arthritis Rheumatoid Autoimmune disorder Cartilage replaced by bone Very disfiguring

10. Arthritis Infectious/Acute Bacterial infection Lyme disease Gouty Result of uric acid being deposited b/c kidneys are not properly filtering Deposited in great toe first

11. Gouty Arthritis

12. Additional Disorders Rickets Soft bone condition in children Lack of calcium and/or vitamin D Osteomyelitis Acute or chronic bone infection Commonly caused by bacteria (at times – fungi)

13. Flexion - Extension decrease - increase angle Abduction - Adduction away - toward midline Rotation around an axis Pronation - Supination palm down -palm up Elevation - Depression raising - lowering