2. US Civil War If the Union must be dissolved slavery is precisely the question upon which it ought to break John Quincy Adams

3. Reformers. Saw slavery as a blight on American society and a roadblock to progress. Saw slavery as a blight on American society and a roadblock to progress. Mostly came from the middle-class, who were already reforming prisons, education, equality for women, mental health, government, and services for the poor. Mostly came from the middle-class, who were already reforming prisons, education, equality for women, mental health, government, and services for the poor. Background of Abolitionists MishMosh of Beliefs Susan B. Anthony http://ncwhs.oah.org/images/YoungSusanB.jpg

4. Moral grounds. Declaration of Independence declared all people are created equal. Declaration of Independence declared all people are created equal. The Bible preaches equality. The Bible preaches equality. A byproduct of the Second Great Awakening and Charles Finney. A byproduct of the Second Great Awakening and Charles Finney. Background of Abolitionists MishMosh of Beliefs Charles Finney http://demo.lutherproductions.com/historytutor/basic /modern/people/images/Finney.jpg

5. Political reasons. Democrats protested the denial of political and civil rights to blacks. Democrats protested the denial of political and civil rights to blacks. By 1805, all of the Northern states had either outlawed slavery or set out gradual emancipation. By 1805, all of the Northern states had either outlawed slavery or set out gradual emancipation. Northerners believed that the slave South was gaining power and trying to push north of the Missouri Compromise line. Northerners believed that the slave South was gaining power and trying to push north of the Missouri Compromise line. Background of Abolitionists MishMosh of Beliefs Map of US after MO Compromise http://www.americanforeignrelations.com/images/en an_0001_0002_0_img0141.jpg

6. Perfectionists Blend of 2 nd Great Awakening Blend of 2 nd Great Awakening Abolition Abolition Women’s Rights Women’s Rights Refusal to obey a “corrupt” societies laws Refusal to obey a “corrupt” societies laws “No Union with slaveholders “No Union with slaveholders Background of Abolitionists MishMosh of Beliefs Are you Perfect??? http://resources.prufrock.com/Portals/0/BlogImages/ Perfectionism.jpg

7. Emancipation. Freeing of slaves. Freeing of slaves. Background of Abolitionists Key Terms An Emancipated Slave http://eprentice.sdsu.edu/S03X2/pasenelli/Emancipation.jpg Abolition.Abolition. –The immediate and total end of slavery.

8. Benjamin Lundy. Quaker publisher, tried to persuade Southerners to free their slaves. Quaker publisher, tried to persuade Southerners to free their slaves. Once freed, he explored the possibility of colonization in Canada or Haiti. Once freed, he explored the possibility of colonization in Canada or Haiti. Abolitionist Opinions Colonization Benjamin Lundy http://images.virtualology.com/ac/4/i/ency0027.jpg

9. 1817, American Colonization Society. Gradual emancipation of slaves, with freed slaves to be sent to colonies in Africa. Gradual emancipation of slaves, with freed slaves to be sent to colonies in Africa. Founded the colony of Liberia. Founded the colony of Liberia. Would be a long and expensive process. Would be a long and expensive process. Slave owners would have to voluntarily take a loss. Slave owners would have to voluntarily take a loss. Abolitionist Opinions Colonization Liberia http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=62283&rendTypeId=4

10. Born to freed slaves, moved to Massachusetts David Walker’s Appeal. A pamphlet that urged African- Americans to use violent means, if necessary, to win their freedom. A pamphlet that urged African- Americans to use violent means, if necessary, to win their freedom. Known as the “diabolical pamphlet” throughout the South. Known as the “diabolical pamphlet” throughout the South. Abolitionist Opinions Former Slaves, David Walker David Walker http://cache.eb.com/eb/thumb?id=78425

11. Background. Most well-known escaped slave. Most well-known escaped slave. Learned to read and write and mastered a trade while a slave. Learned to read and write and mastered a trade while a slave. Earned enough money from lectures and writing to send to his former master and legally purchase his freedom. Earned enough money from lectures and writing to send to his former master and legally purchase his freedom. Became part of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society. Would associate with leading abolitionists of the time period. Would associate with leading abolitionists of the time period. Abolitionist Opinions Former Slaves. Frederick Douglass Frederick Douglass http://www-tc.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/images/4fred16b.jpg

12. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. Freedom required not only emancipation, but also full social and economic equality. Freedom required not only emancipation, but also full social and economic equality. Abolitionist Opinions Former Slaves. Frederick Douglass Frederick Douglass http://www.ls.cc.al.us/blackhistory/douglass2.jpg

13. Changing opinions. Originally wanted emancipation by violent means. Originally wanted emancipation by violent means. Late 1840s, decides to break with the “radical abolitionists.” Late 1840s, decides to break with the “radical abolitionists.” Believed that the Constitution needed to be upheld. Believed that the Constitution needed to be upheld. If it was not, then emancipation meant nothing because blacks would not be treated as equals. If it was not, then emancipation meant nothing because blacks would not be treated as equals. Destroy slavery by working within the system. Destroy slavery by working within the system. Abolitionist Opinions Former Slaves. Frederick Douglass Frederick Douglass http://img.timeinc.net/time/2002/bhm/history/images/douglas.jpg

14. Assistant of Benjamin Lundy, would become a leading abolitionist. Became leader of the radical view. Became leader of the radical view. Wanted the immediate emancipation of slaves. Wanted the immediate emancipation of slaves. Did not care about the political, social, and economic consequences. Did not care about the political, social, and economic consequences. Abolitionist Opinions William Lloyd Garrison William Lloyd Garrison http://images.acswebnetworks.com/1/934/garrison_portrait.jpg

15. Refused to engage in political activity to end slavery. Compromises have failed in the past. Compromises have failed in the past. Laws made to protect slavery were illegal under God’s law. Laws made to protect slavery were illegal under God’s law. Prepared to destroy the Union to gain their ends. Abolitionist Opinions William Lloyd Garrison William Lloyd Garrison http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Will iam_garrison.jpg/250px-William_garrison.jpg

16. Garrison was so radical that he burned the Constitution. Called it an “agreement with Hell.” Called it an “agreement with Hell.” Abolitionist Opinions William Lloyd Garrison William Lloyd Garrison http://www.arfalpha.com/PushToTheFront/Volume1_HTM/41e4c670.jpg

17. The Liberator. Key abolitionist newspaper. Key abolitionist newspaper. Extremely controversial in both the North and the South. Extremely controversial in both the North and the South. Would be banned in the South. Would be banned in the South. Set out the reasons for abolition in a graphic manner. Set out the reasons for abolition in a graphic manner. Abolitionist Opinions William Lloyd Garrison William Lloyd Garrison http://www.olemiss.edu/courses/his105/images/liberator.jpg

18. Importance of Garrison. Did not have many followers, but opened up new views on abolition. Did not have many followers, but opened up new views on abolition. Abolition was not a reform movement, but a revolution. Abolition was not a reform movement, but a revolution. Achieving racial equality, not just ending slavery, will lead to the true goal: full justice for blacks. Achieving racial equality, not just ending slavery, will lead to the true goal: full justice for blacks. Saw blacks as true equals. Supported the efforts of female abolitionists and the women’s rights movement. Abolitionist Opinions William Lloyd Garrison

19. Leaders. Arthur Tappan, Lewis Tappan, Theodore Weld, Frederick Douglass. Arthur Tappan, Lewis Tappan, Theodore Weld, Frederick Douglass. Abolitionist Opinions Moderate Abolitionists Arthur Tappan http://www.whatsaiththescripture.com/Gr aphics.Voice/A.T.Pierson.med.jpg Arthur Tappan http://images.usatoday.com/money/_phot os/2004/11/04/inside1-tappan.jpg Theodore Weld http://www.wwhp.org/Resources/Biograp hies/Images/theodoredwightweld.jpg Frederick Douglass http://memory.loc.gov/gc/lhbcb/25385/00 02.jpg

20. Origins & beliefs. Broke with Garrison in 1840. Broke with Garrison in 1840. “Immediate emancipation… gradually achieved” through political activity. “Immediate emancipation… gradually achieved” through political activity. Did not want female abolitionists to take an active role. Did not want female abolitionists to take an active role. Believed that slavery was enough of an issue to antagonize people. Believed that slavery was enough of an issue to antagonize people. Would lose support. Would lose support. Created the Liberty Party. Would be one of the numerous “third parties” created to fight for the end of slavery. Would be one of the numerous “third parties” created to fight for the end of slavery. Abolitionist Opinions Moderate Abolitionists