0. Forms of Government
and Economic Systems

1. Cornell Notes Forms of Government Forms of Government Key Points Notes

2. Cornell Notes Forms of Government Forms of Government Key Points Notes
- Gov is social control
- they make laws and enforce them
- power can be held by one, few, or many
- constitution determines Gov.

3. What is Government?
Government is a system of social control in which a particular group in society is given the power to make laws and enforce them.
Government power can be held by one individual, a few, or a majority.

4. A Little More About Government…
Governments come in different forms.
A constitution is the basic law determining the form of government.
The constitution may be written, as in the United States, or largely unwritten, as in Great Britain.

5. Government’s jobs include:
providing for the security of their country
keeping order
establishing a system of justice so that people are treated fairly
providing welfare services to those in need
regulating the economy
establishing educational systems
***In extreme cases of governmental regulation, every aspect of people's lives is controlled. This is called totalitarianism. Can you think of a novel that has a totalitarian government?

6. Forms of Government
We will be learning about the following forms of government:
Democracy
Monarchy
Theocracy
Dictatorship
Transitional

7. Economic Systems
And a few economic systems…because they are closely connected to governments!
Capitalism
Socialism
Communism

8. Forms of Government

9. Democracy -Supreme power is given to the people.
-Democratic countries have free elections where all citizens have a vote.

10. Democratic Countries Today
United States of America
Philippines
Italy
Japan
Singapore

11. Monarchy
Rule by a single person (a king or queen), who is the permanent head of state. The term is now used to refer to countries with hereditary rulers. This means that rule is passed down from parent to child.
Constitutional monarchies are more common today. Under this system, the powers of the king or queen are restricted to those granted in the constitution.
Most constitutional monarchies use a parliamentary system in which the king or queen may have strictly ceremonial duties. They often have an elected prime minister who is the head of
government.

12. Monarchy Examples of countries with monarchies today: Saudi Arabia
Brunei
Qatar
Oman
UAE
Great Britain (Constitutional Monarchy)
Belgium (CM)
Morocco (CM)
Bhutan (CM)

13. Theocracy
In a theocracy, government leaders are members of the clergy (church officials), and the state's legal system is based on religious law.
Rulers are thought to be “divinely guided”.

14. Theocracy
Examples of theocracies today:
Iran
The Vatican
Pope Francis

15. Dictatorship
A government in which a single leader or party exercises absolute control over all citizens and every aspect of their lives.
In most cases, this absolute power is exercised in a cruel way.
Other names for a dictatorship include: Autocracy, Military Junta, Right Wing, Authoritarianism, Totalitarianism or Fascism

16. Dictatorship Examples of Dictatorships today: North Korea
Myanmar (Burma)
Sudan

17. Transitional
A transitional government is one that is in the process of changing from one form to another.
Countries with transitional governments are often unstable.

18. Transitional Examples of countries with transitional governments:
Egypt
Afghanistan
Iraq
Libya
Syria (?)

19. Economic Systems

20. Economic Systems
Economics has to do with the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services.
**One minute table talk: What do the words production, distribution and consumption mean?

21. Capitalism
An economic system in which individuals and corporations are free to invest in and own all aspect of a business.
In a capitalist country, people own their own companies and can manage them to earn a profit.

22. Socialism
A political and economic system in which some businesses are controlled by the government rather than by individuals.
In a socialist country, people have equal rights to various benefits (health, education), and there is an effort to limit the inequalities of wealth and power.
Taxes are often quite high to provide for these benefits.

23. Communism
A political and economic system in which the government controls all business.
Individual people cannot own property or industries and in theory, people of all social classes are treated equally.
Communist countries have totalitarian governments.

24. Think of it as a spectrum…
Capitalism Socialism Communism
__________________________________________________
United States
Canada
Sweden
China
Cuba
N. Korea

25. Government and Economic Systems
Let’s Review
Government and Economic Systems

26. Let’s Review A government is: What are some kinds of governments?
A form of social control. Governments make and enforce laws. A government is created using a constitution.
What are some kinds of governments?
Democracy, monarchy, constitutional monarchy, dictatorship, theocracy, and transitional
What is an economic system?
It is the way a government handles the production, distribution, and consumption of goods. There are three types: capitalism, socialism, and communism.

27. Let’s Review Democracy is: Monarchy is: Theocracy is:
A government determined by majority of votes in free elections. A democracy has a president as its head of state.
USA
The Philippines
Can take two forms: Traditional and Constitutional.
Monarchies are hereditary (passed from one family member to the next).
They have a king/queen.
In a constitutional monarchy, the king/queen is a figurehead and the prime minister has more power.
Monarchy is:
Saudi Arabia
Great Britain (CM)
Theocracy is:
A government run by the clergy (officials of a particular church). Their laws are dictated by their religion.
The Vatican
Iran

28. Let’s Review Dictatorship is: Transitional is:
A government determined by majority of votes in free elections. A democracy has a president as its head of state.
North Korea
A government that is in the process of changing from one to another. This is a very unstable form of rule.
Transitional is:
Egypt
Syria
Iraq

29. Let’s Review Capitalism is: Socialism is: Communism is:
System where individuals can own or invest in any companies they want.
A system where the government owns some businesses. People have equal rights to many benefits like health care.
Socialism is:
Communism is:
Government owns all businesses, and individuals cannot own property.