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What is Earth Science? Chapter 1.1 & 1.2
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Earth Science The name for all the sciences that collectively seek to understand the Earth. Geology – the study of the solid Earth Physical - Examines the materials & processes that make up the Earth Historical - establish a timeline of the changes that have occurred in the past
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Earth Sciences Oceanography – the study of all aspects of the ocean
Meteorology – the study of the atmosphere and the processes that produce weather and climate Astronomy – the study of the universe
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Physical vs. Living Environment
Physical Environment Hydrosphere – water portion Atmosphere – gaseous envelope Geosphere – solid Earth Living Environment Biosphere – all life forms on Earth (interacts with physical environment)
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The Hydrosphere Oceans 97% saltwater Ice Water Vapor 3% freshwater
Lakes & Rivers Groundwater
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The Atmosphere protects us, keeps Earth the right temperature, and has the gases needed for life to thrive.
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The Geosphere The Crust, Mantle and Core
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The Biosphere Living things depend on the physical environment to sustain life Organisms help maintain and alter the physical environment
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Forces affecting Earth’s Surface
Constructive Build up the surface by raising the land and depositing new material Examples: Mountain building, Volcanism Destructive Wear away high points work to flatten the surface Examples: Weathering, Erosion
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