1. chapter 4– Lesson 1
Guided Reading Questions 1. Please copy the chart provided. 2. Why did the slave trade grow in the colonies? 3. Explain the middle passage. 4. Copy the chart on Triangular trade on page 94.

2. chapter 4– Lesson 1
1. Please copy the chart provided. 2. Why did the slave trade grow in the colonies? The need for labor to work the fields – especially for tobacco, rice and later cotton What was the middle passage? Middle Passage – the trip across the Atlantic frin African to the new world. Africans were chained and could hardly sit or stand for one month with little food and water. Those that died or became sick were thrown overboard. When they reached the Americas they were sold at a slave market.

3. chapter 4– Lesson 1
4. Define Triangular Trade. Triangular trade – Trade route between three destinations, Britain, West Africa, and the West Indies. Please draw in your notes triangular trade with America. Please draw the triangular trade as you see it on page 94.

4. chapter 4– Lesson 2
1. Explain why the Magna Carta was important to the colonies? 2. What was the English Bills of Rights and what were the four principles? 3. What was representative government? 4. What were the three types of colonies in the New World? Explain each of them. 5. What was mercantilism? 6. What were the Navigation Acts?

5. chapter 4– Lesson 2
1. Explain why the Magna Carta was important to the colonies? The protection of people’s rights started with the signing of the Magna Carta by King John on June 15, This gave the English people protection against unjust treatment or punishment. English brought with them to the Americas the English system of government – protected rights and representative legislature

6. chapter 4– Lesson 2
2. The English Bill of Rights was brought with the English that migrated to the New World. It was important because it laid the foundation for our Constitution as we know it today. In 1689 Parliament created and signed the English Bill of Rights. It had fundamental principles: 1 – The King could not suspend Parliament’s laws; impose taxes; or raise an army 3 – Members of Parliament freely elected 3- Citizens had a right to a fair trial by a jury 4- Banned cruel and unusual punishment

7. chapter 4– Lesson 2
3. What was representative government? It is where citizens elect delegates to make laws and conduct government There were three types of British colonies in the new world: - A charter was based on a grant of rights given by the English king. Massachusetts was a charter colony - A proprietary was the property of the owner or owners. They ruled as they wished - Pennsylvania was a proprietary colony. - A royal colony – These were under the direct control of England -Georgia was a royal colony.

8. chapter 4– Lesson 2
5. What is mercantilism? Mercantilism – an economic theory whose goal it was to building a country’s wealth and power by increasing exports and accumulating precious metals in return (gold, silver, copper) What were the Navigation Acts? To ensure this trade England passed the Navigation Acts – Colonists forced to sell their raw materials to England – even if they could get a better price elsewhere Goods bought by the colonists had to first go to England to be taxed. All trade goods had to be carried on ships built in England or the colonies. The crews of the ships had to be English

9. chapter 4– Lesson 3
1. Define epidemic. 2. Explain the Great Awakening. 3. What was the “Enlightenment? 4. Explain civic virtue.

10. chapter 4– Lesson 3
1. Epidemic – an illness that affects large numbers of people Great Awakening – Religion was a strong influence in colonial America. In the New England and Middles colonies ministers started calling for a new birth – referred to as a Great Awakening. This led to new churches forming but the emphasis was not on church rituals but on personal faith.

11. chapter 4– Lesson 3
3. The Enlightenment – A movement that spread the idea that knowledge, reason and science could improve society. This allowed for freedom of thought, a belief in equality and the idea of popular government. 4. Civic virtue was the start of a new form of freedom – the ideas of democratic ideas, practices and virtues that would form a free society where citizens governed themselves.

12. chapter 4– Lesson 4
1. What was a militia? 2. Explain the rivalry between the British and the French. 3. What was the Iroquois Confederacy and explain the importance of this confederacy in the French and Indian war. 4. Explain the French and Indian war. Provide who fought on each side, the general area of the war and who won and lost the war. 5. Explain the Treaty of Paris. 6. What was the Proclamation of 1763 and how does it connect to the road to revolution for the colonists.

13. chapter 4– Lesson 4
1. A militia was a military force made up of civilians France and England were leading European powers in Europe and were both strong in North America. By mid 1770s in North America this rivalry turned to war as the British sought to expand into the Ohio Valley – land claimed by France. Both felt they had a right to this land rich in resources – especially fur trade developed by the French with the Native Americans.

14. chapter 4– Lesson 4
3. The British tried to get the Iroquois Confederacy – a group of Native American nations in Eastern North America who joined to form one government and the most powerful group of Native Americans in North America. They were not successful mainly because of the constant taking of land and fighting the Native Americans – remember Bacon’s Rebellion? The Iroquois nation agreed to remain neutral.

15. chapter 4– Lesson
4. French and Indian War – The French and Indians went to war against the British in Canada and the Ohio Valley along Lake Ontario and Erie. - French were winning until the British sent William Pitt – a British General and great military planner. -He sent trained British soldiers – not militia and took over Fort Duquesne as well as Quebec – the capital of New France and the following year Montreal. -These losses ended France as a power in North America. .

16. chapter 4– Lesson 4
5. The Treaty of Paris was signed in France gave up all land east of the Mississippi River and all of Canada. Britain also got Florida from Spain – who allied with France. Spain got all French lands west of the Mississippi as well as the Port of New Orleans. France was done in North America

17. chapter 4– Lesson 4
6. The Proclamation of The colonists kept moving into Native Americans lands causing Native Americans to see them as a threat After Pontiac captured the fort at Detroit and several other outposts, British King George proclaimed colonists were not to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. This removed the source of conflict with Native Americans and kept colonists on the coast so it was easier to control them.