1. Anthropogenic noise weakens territorial response to intruder's songs
Principal components of vocal characteristics for spotted towhee (a) and chipping sparrow (b). The ten individuals with the most average vocal characteristics among the birds sampled (Table ), are marked with squares and surround the origin, representing the mean song. The songs of five of these individuals were chosen based on the suitability of recording quality for inclusion as playback stimuli in this study, and are shown on the plots as points within squares.
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Ecosphere, Volume: 7, Issue: 3, First published: 25 March 2016, DOI: ( /ecs2.1259)