1. Oral Presentations
Partly adapted from Garzone, 2010 (ppt for internal use, University of Milan)
04/09/2019

2. Overall Organization Tell them what you’re going to tell them
Tell them what you’ve told them
04/09/2019

3. Presentations: Overall Organization
Introduction
Define topic / capture attention
Body (70-80% of talk)
Use transitions / signposts
Conclusion
Set main theme
04/09/2019

4. Presentation Delivery - Language
Choice of words and word usage (collocations)
Grammatical accuracy
Pronunciation / enunciation (clarity of pronunciation, clear key words)
Inflection (intonation, variety in tone, emphasis, volume)
04/09/2019

5. Keep the audience interested
Use rhetorical questions
Illustrate points with examples or stories from real life
Include any unusual or interesting facts you may discover while doing research for your presentation
04/09/2019

6. Useful Phrases I’ll begin by … [+ V-ing] Let’s start with …
If I could now turn to …
My next point is …
Now, turning to …
Now, what about …
Let’s move on to… / Let me move on to …
04/09/2019

7. Focusing the Audience’s Attention
You can see the …
As you/we can see …
What is interesting/important is …
I’d like to draw your attention to... (more formal)
It is interesting/important to notice
04/09/2019

8. Explain What the Visual Shows
The upper part of the slide gives information about …
You can see here the organization / We can see here the organization …
04/09/2019

9. Stages of a Conclusion (1)
Review / restate key points (from intro/body)
So, to summarize / sum up …
At this stage I’d like to review…
So, as we’ve seen
As I’ve explained
04/09/2019

10. Preparing Slides: Lists
A lists helps skimming and focuses attention
As you compose a list, keep in mind parallelism, both logic and expression
Items in a list should be in the same category
04/09/2019

11. Lists: Examples of Categories
Advantages or disadvantages
Causes
Effects of a cause
Steps in a process
Items in an inventory
Topics on an agenda
04/09/2019

12. Types of presentations
Argumentative presentations
Expository presentations
04/09/2019

13. An example of argumentative presentation
Aim: demonstrate how theories of conversational narrative can shed light on dramatic representations of storytelling
How: nurse’s story in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet compared to transcript of real-life conversational story telling
Conclusion: Norrick’s model of conversational storytelling suggests that nurse’s storytelling is quite realistic
(adapted from Norrick 2000, ch. 7)

14. In this presentation my aim is to, I hope to, I’ll argue that… How:
In order to do so, I’ll compare the nurse’s story in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet against a transcript of real-life conversational story telling
04/09/2019

15. Introduction Explain the ratio:
Research question: is the dialogue really conversational or is Shakespeare exaggerating for humour
Does the dialogue characterize the nurse as a typical low-comedy character (parodic) of as a real-life character?
04/09/2019

16. Analysis
Both stories
are funny personal anecdotes which reveal values and feelings (evaluative talk)
contain plenty of repetition
Are poorly planned, as typical of spontaneous conversational storytelling
04/09/2019

17. Conclusion
[I think we can say that this is a] realistic portrait of a funny storyteller rather than a parody of storytelling
Shakespeare wants the nurse to sound real and down-to-heart, as opposed to Lady Capulet and Juliet
04/09/2019

18. An example of expository presentation
Aim: analyse the standard of intertextuality in cartoons
How: collect a sample of intertextual references in the Simpsons and Shrek and categorize them according to different conceptions of intertextuality
Conclusion: plenty of intertextual reference of the x type, mainly to pop-culture/ American history/fairy tales…used to…

19. Note well… Your presentation should take from 5 to 7 minutes
The topic and the approach should be different from those of your seminar (or written analysis for non-frequentanti)
Make sure that your presentation includes bibliografic references
04/09/2019