1. Ch. 13 Reconstruction 1 1 1 1 1

2. Ch. 13 Section 1: Presidential Reconstruction2 2 2 2 2

3. Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan
Offered _______________ (pardon) to those willing to take a ___________ oath to the United States
______ percent of a _____________ population must take the oath of loyalty for ____________________to the Union
Free __________
________________ governments must be disbanded 3 3 3 3 3

4. Lincoln’s Ten Percent Plan
new governments for each Southern state be formed
no former leaders of the ___________________ or high ranking __________________ could be a part of the new government
Lincoln wanted to __________ the U.S. and not ____________ the South too harshly 4 4 4 4 4

5. A New President
Democratic Vice President Andrew _______________ became President after Lincoln’s ____________.
_________________ Reconstruction plan included:
most Southerners would be granted amnesty once they swore ____________ to the Union.
____________ percent of the citizens in a __________ had to take the oath. 5 5 5 5 5

6. A New President Johnson’s plan also included:
Only pardoned whites could vote for state delegates to ______________ conventions.
Before entering the Union, ____________ had to denounce ___________________.
States had to ratify the _______________ Amendment, which abolished slavery.
All this was done without __________________ consent. 6 6 6 6 6

7. Freedmen’s Bureau
In March ___________, a new government agency was set up to help _________________, or former _______________ persons.
This agency was called the ___________________ _________________.
The Freedmen’s Bureau:
Distributed _________ and clothing.
Provided _____________ services.
Set up schools staffed by ________________ teachers 7 7 7 7 7

8. Freedmen’s Bureau The Freedmen’s Bureau also:
Gave aid to ________________ _________________colleges
Helped freed people acquire land or work for fair wages.
The agency also redistributed _____________________ southern land to the freed men who swore loyalty to the Union. (_______ acres and a _________)
The Bureau’s main goal was to help African Americans but it also helped ________ ___________ Southerners. 8 8 8 8 8

9. Ch. 13 Section 2: Congressional Reconstruction9 9 9 9

10. Radical Republicans
_________________ Republicans convinced ____________ to create their own, much ________________ Reconstruction plan.
Congress passed the Wade-Davis bill in July 1864 which required strict ____________ and election laws for states ______________ the Union. 10 10 10 10

11. Radical Republicans
The new requirements for a state to rejoin the Union:
1) A ____________ of white males in a state had to swear loyalty to the Union
2) Only __________ males who had not fought in the Civil War could vote for _______________.
3) Former __________________ were barred from public office.
4) Any new state constitution had to _____________ slavery 11 11 11 11

12. Civil Rights Act of 1866
Congress also passed the ________ __________ Act of ___________ guaranteeing citizenship to all ________________ (except ___________ Americans).
It gave:
Former __________ the right to _________ ____________,
_______ and testify in court
Sign ___________ contracts. 12 12 12 12 12

13. African American Rights
Despite Congress’ efforts, the treatment of ______________ _________________ in the South was not improving.
In reaction to the Civil Rights Act of 1866 many southern states passed _________ __________ or laws, made to control ___________ men and women and get around federal law.
Under Black Codes freedmen could not:
Serve on __________
_________
Rent or _________ ________
Had to enter into annual labor ____________ 13 13 13 13 13

14. Fourteenth Amendment June 1866
Granted ________________ to all persons born or _______________ in the United States
All citizens are also guaranteed equal _____________ under the law
South resisted this ______ and passed Black Codes as part of _____________ 14 14 14 14 14

15. Military Reconstruction Act
To control the __________________ efforts in the South, Congress passed the ____________ _________________ Act in 1867
The law:
Divided the South into ________ ____________ ______________
Union _____________ was in charge of each district 15 15 15 15 15

16. Military Reconstruction Act
The law also required:
New state ____________________
Right to _______ for all ___________
States must ratify the _______ ______________ 16 16 16 16

17. Fifteenth Amendment
The final Reconstruction Amendment was passed in _______ to combat _____________ restrictions against freedman
This amendment prohibited the state and federal governments from ____________ the right to vote to any male citizen because of “_______, ________, or ______________ ________ ______ ____________.”
The ratification of this amendment granted African ___________ ________ the right to _______. 17 17 17 17 17

18. Pres. Johnson and Congress
Andrew Johnson and Congress never seemed to agree on anything
They disagreed about how to rebuild the _____________
Congress wanted _____________ policies, Johnson did not
Johnson _________ every policy from Congress and opposed __________________ policies
Congress _________________ his vetoes with ⅔ vote 18 18 18 18 18

19. Impeachment of Johnson (1868)
___________ of Representatives voted for his impeachment because:
1. Johnson violated the Tenure of Office Act
2. ________________ Congress
3. _____________ poorly
4. Tried to stop ______________ Reconstruction plans with ________________
___________ put Johnson on trial
Final vote – one vote shy of _______________ him from office 19 19 19 19 19

20. Ch. 13 Section 3: The New South20 20 20 20 20

21. Sharecropping New system for _______________
System in which a landowner ___________ a plot of land to a _______________, or farmer, some seeds and tools, and perhaps a mule.
_____________ farmers paid rent with a share of their crops
____________ – landowners who controlled sharecroppers
Sharecroppers became trapped because _____________ could not pay their debts
Had to give up some crops to cover _________ 21 21 21 21 21

22. Republicans in the South
By 1870, all ___________ Confederate states had joined the Union
Republicans held _____________ power and occupied most political offices
Included _____________ slaves, ______________, _______ ___________
These new ________________ were called either _____________ or _____________________ 22 22 22 22 22

23. Carpetbaggers and Scalawags
__________________________
Northerners moving into the South
Became involved in ____________
_______________
White southerners who worked with __________________ and supported Reconstruction 23 23 23 23 23

24. African Americans in the South
First led by the ______________
Many who ___________ in the North and had fought for the Union army
Became involved in politics and represented ________________ majority 24 24 24 24 24

25. Southern Resistance
Against ________________ power in the hands of African Americans
forced many African Americans to take ____________ tests or pay a poll ________ to ________
not declared _____________ by the fed. govt.
Southern states passed a “____________ clause” prior to the passage of the 15th Amendment
One could only ___________ if his grandfather could vote. 25 25 25 25 25

26. Ku Klux Klan
Started in 1866 by Nathaniel Bedford _____________ in Tennessee
Secret society dedicated to white ______________
Mostly former _______________ soldiers
Goals of the __________
Drive out _______________
Regain control of the South for the ______________ _______
Use __________ to prevent blacks from ___________ 26 26 26 26 26

27. Tactics of the KKK Broke up Republican meetings
Harassed _________________ __________________workers
Burned ___________, ___________, _______________
Kept ____________________ (white and black) from voting 27 27 27

28. Ku Klux Klan Act Passed by Congress in 1871
____________ activities of the Klan
Federal arrests of Klan leaders
The laws had _____________ success because most white Southerners ____________ to speak against the secret societies.
KKK had leadership in ____________ offices, _____________, and ____________ in the South 28 28 28 28 28

29. A Divided Society
The South formed a _________________ society by passing ________ _________ laws
required African Americans and whites to be __________________ in almost every public place.
The Supreme Court upheld Jim Crow in landmark case of ____________ v. ________________.
According to the Court’s ruling, public facilities should be _____________ but ____________ for each race. 29 29 29 29

30. A Divided Society Contd.
Violence against African Americans __________________ after Reconstruction including lynching
angry mob killed a person by hanging.
Reconstruction did not provide African Americans _________ ____________ due to _________________
Leaders such as W.E.B. Du Bois would continue to demand full ___________ _____________ for African Americans 30 30 30 30 30

31. Election of 1876 Republican – Rutherford B. _____________
Democrat – Samuel Tilden
Results decided by _________________
Rutherford B. Hayes won with the support of ____________ _________________

32. End of Reconstruction
In April 1877, _____________ pulled _________ __________ out of the South
Southern _______________ promised to maintain African Americans’ rights.
Hayes wanted to let Southerners __________ ________ issues.
__________ _______. would not become involved with issues involving ________ in the South for a long time after 1877 32 32 32 32 32