1. Elements & Principles of Floral Design

2. Elements of Floral Design
The directly observable components, ingredients, and physical characteristics of a design.
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

3. Elements of Floral Design
Line
Form
Space
Texture
Pattern
Fragrance
Size
Color
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

4. Line
The visual pathway that directs eye movement through a composition
Distance between two points
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

5. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

6. Line directions:
Vertical lines—stress height and suggest power and strength
Horizontal lines—stress width and are peaceful and calm, provide a sense of stability
Diagonal line—dynamically energetic, causing more eye movement. Use sparingly
Curved line—suggest motion, but are softer, more comforting. Eye moves quickly through design.
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

7. Vertical line--Power and strength
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

8. Horizontal linePeaceful and calm
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

9. Diagonal lineDynamically energetic, suggest motion
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

10. Curved lineSofter suggestion of motion
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

11. Form
the shape or configuration of an individual component of the composition. The overall, three-dimensional, geometric shape or configuration of a floral composition.
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

12. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

13. Paradiseflowers.com

14. Paradiseflowers.com

15. Space
the area in, around, and between the components of the design, defined by the three-dimensional area occupied by the composition.
Positive space
Negative space
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

16. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

17. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

18. Texture
The surface quality of a material, as perceived by sight or touch
Smooth, coarse, waxy, rough, delicate, velvety
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

19. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

20. Texture

21. Texture

22. Texture

23. Pattern
A repeated combination of line, form, color, texture, and/or space.
Variegated markings, speckles
Any element used more than once
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

24. Pattern

25. Pattern—what is repeated

26. Fragrance A sweet or pleasing odor, perceived by the sense of smell.
heightens our awareness
increases sensory enjoyment
triggers memory
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

27. Using all 5 senses All five senses
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

28. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

29. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

30. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

31. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

32. Size The physical dimensions of line, form, or space
First considerations
Emotional aspect
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

33. Color The visual response of the eye to reflected rays of light
most important design element
Optical sensation, originating in the brain’s perception of light energy reflected to the eye from a pigmented surface.
Emotional response
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

34. Color
FTD

35. Principles of Floral Design
Principles of design-fundamental guidelines to aesthetic design that govern the organization of the elements and materials in accordance with the laws of nature. Some primary principals of design are associated with related secondary principles of design.
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

36. Principles of Floral Design
Balance
Proportion
Scale
Dominance
Emphasis
Focal Area
Accent
Rhythm
Depth
Repetition
Transition
Contrast
Opposition
Tension
Variation
Harmony
Unity
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

37. Balance
gives a sense of equilibrium and repose, a feeling of three-dimensional stability. .
Physical also known as mechanical balance—sound
Visual balance—sense of equilibrium
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

38. Or looks like it will easily tip over
Easily falls over
Or looks like it will easily tip over
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

39. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Visually balanced

40. Balance
symmetrical balance—known as formal balance, flowers are repeated on opposite sides of the floral arrangement. Using an imaginary central axis, one side of the arrangement is the mirror image of the other.
Asymmetrical balance—known as informal balance. Formed by placing unequal visual weight on each side of a central vertical axis.
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

41. Balance
Radial balance—radiate from a central point like the spokes of a wheel or the rays of the sun.
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

42. Symmetrical-one side mirrors the other
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Symmetrical-one side mirrors the other
Asymmetrical-two sides are dissimilar but have equal visual weight or equal eye attraction which creates visual balance

43. Symmetrical vs. Asymmetrical
FTD
Barnes & Noble Books. The New Flower Arranger: Contemporary Approach to Floral Design. Anness Publishing Limited 1995.

44. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

45. Radial Balance
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Radial balance--Not separate from symmetrical or asymmetrical,
but merely a fine distinction of one or the other

46. Radial Balance

47. Symmetrical but too perfect—rendering a contrived and fake appearance
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Symmetrical but too perfect—rendering a contrived and fake appearance

48. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Near symmetrical
Not symmetrical in placement but arranged in a near-symmetrical pattern to form a balanced, formal shape

49. Proportion
The comparative relationship in size, quantity, and degree of emphasis among components within the composition; the relationship of one portion to another, or of one portion to the whole.
design should be 1 ½ to 2 times the height or width of the container
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

50. Greek golden section in which the ration of vase to flowers is
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Greek golden section in which the ration of vase to flowers is
3 to 5 or roughly 5 to 8

51. Golden mean refers to the division of a line somewhere
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Golden mean refers to the division of a line somewhere
between ½ and 1/3 its length
Flower design slightly off center

52. Overall size of a floral arrangement or its parts
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Overall size of a floral arrangement or its parts
compared with other objects or their parts.
Scale floral elements with each other

53. Scale
The relative ratio of size, or the relationship of the size of a composition to the surrounding area or environment.
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

54. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Arrangements should fit on the table physically and visually and be in proportion to the surrounding area

55. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

56. Small table small room small arrangement
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Small table small room small arrangement

57. Large to permit viewing from a distance
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Large to permit viewing from a distance

58. Dominance
The visual organization within a design that emphasizes one or more aspects. When one element is emphasized, others are subordinate.
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

59. Emphasis
The special attention or importance given to one or more areas within a design.
Directs eye to more important areas
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

60. Focal Area
The area of greatest visual impact or weight; the center of interest to which the eye is most naturally drawn.
Center of gravity or balance
Where eye is drawn
Where the eye rests
One element different than others
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

61. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

62. Focal Point

63. Focal Point
Barnes & Noble Books. The New Flower Arranger: Contemporary Approach to Floral Design. Anness Publishing Limited 1995.

64. Focal Point
Barnes & Noble Books. The New Flower Arranger: Contemporary Approach to Floral Design. Anness Publishing Limited 1995.

65. Accent
Detail added to a design to provide additional interest, affecting the total character of the composition.
Enlivens
Dash of something
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

66. Accessories
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

67. Accent
Crescentcityflowershop.com

68. Accent

69. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

70. Rhythm
Flow or movement characterized by regular recurrence of elements or features
Use repeated patterns and graceful spacing.
The goal is to create a visual pathway that leads the viewer’s eye around and through the design, then back to the focal point.
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

71. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

72. Depth Three-dimensional arrangement overlap or angle flowers
place bright, dark flowers on the bottom of the arrangement, lighter and smaller at the top
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

73. Barnes & Noble Books. The New Flower Arranger: Contemporary Approach to Floral Design. Anness Publishing Limited 1995.

74. Repetition The recurrence of like elements within a composition
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

75. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

76. Repetition

77. Transition
The ease of visual movement which results from gradual degrees of change among one or more of the elements
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

78. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

79. Contrast Emphasis by means of difference.
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

80. Contrast--color

81. Opposition
Contrast between elements which are counterpoint in relation to each other.
Call attention to each other by being opposite whereas contrast is simply different from each other
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

82. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

83. Opposition—black & white

84. Contrast in color simplest way to create strong focal point
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Contrast in color simplest way to create strong focal point

85. Tension Implying or suggesting a sense of energy
Polarity—drawn together or pushed apart
Knot a leaf-energy has been exerted or applied
New bulb forcing out of soil
Ready to spring or snap
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

86. Tension—something is waiting to happen
Chicagotribune.com

87. Barnes & Noble Books. The New Flower Arranger: Contemporary Approach to Floral Design. Anness Publishing Limited 1995.

88. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

89. Variation Dissimilarity among attributes or characteristics.
Diversity among elements
Vary stages of development
All one color of flower, but different flowers
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

90. Proximity-combining flowers into one design
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Proximity-combining flowers into one design
Repetition-repeating similar elements such as color
Transition-providing a gradual change from one part of a design to another

91. Harmony Compatibility; a pleasing or congruent arrangement of parts.
All parts should go together or “harmonize” with each other.
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

92. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Lack a sense of harmony

93. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Harmony by added accessories which support football or homecoming theme

94. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
All component parts of a floral composition should harmonize with one another. It is vital that the flowers in a design are compatible with one another in order to support an overall design style.

95. Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Terra-cotta post and blush tones flowers create a casual garden ambiance for this celebration setting. Harmony of the parts displays unity in design

96. Unity --the state of being one, united, or complete in itself.
The arrangement is seen as a whole piece instead of only individual parts.
Oneness of purpose, thought, style, and spirit.
The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

97. Plums, kiwi enhance an overall harmonious theme
Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.
Accessories
Candles
Plums, kiwi enhance an overall harmonious theme

98. Examples of Line and Sticks Design Assignment