1. What were the Crusades and their results? Notes #30

2. During the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church provided unification and stability for Europe.

3. A major goal of the Catholic Church was for Europe to capture the Holy Land (Jerusalem) from Islamic rulers.
Pope Urban II calls for the Christians
to capture the Holy Land in 1095

4. European Christians were promised forgiveness of their sins and riches from the Middle East if they joined the effort to capture the Holy Land.

5. As a result, from 1096 to 1291, European Christians tried to capture the Holy Land through a series of wars with the Muslims, called the Crusades.

6. Muslim military leader Saladin
The Crusades were unsuccessful in capturing the Holy Land, however they did result in some desirable changes for Europe, such as:
Muslim military leader Saladin

7. 1. The weakening of feudalism.

8. 2. Trade increasing between Europe and the Middle East.

9. 3. The spread of Middle Eastern culture and technology to Europe.
Canon on Medicine