1. By Jenessa Orpilla Anisha Varghese

2. The Crusades are a series of holy wars that began in 1096 between the Christians and Muslims. Pope Urban II initiated the First Crusade. The Crusades lasted about 200 years (1095-1291) The Crusaders used a cross as their symbol. The word "Crusade" came from the Latin word for “cloth cross.”.

3. Known for starting the Crusades. United the eastern and western sides of Rome to fight the Muslims.

4. The Muslims took control of the Holy land in 1095. They only allowed Jewish and Christians to visit. The Byzantine Emperor called for Pope Urban II.

5. Pope Urban II launched the First Crusade The Crusaders were divided into 2 groups: Peasants and knights Christians take over Jerusalem in 1099.

6. The Muslims re-conquered Jerusalem Led by Saladin Three leaders set out from Europe to fight in the Crusade: Richard, Phillip, and Frederick. Richard was the only one who fought in the Holy Land He was not able to drive Muslims out. Richard could not take Jerusalem, had to return to England

7. After the First Crusade the Christians lost and the Muslims won every other war. The loss of the Crusades was due to disorganization and lack of leadership. It was a successful failure to the Christians because they lost the holy war, but won many trade routes

8. Expansion in Western Europe. Trade increased. Monarch power increased. Muslim culture spread throughout Europe.

9. ALLABOUTGOD. “Crusades-Battles.” http://www.allaboutgod.com/ ‌ crusades.htm. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Feb. 2010. History World International. “The Crusades.” http://history-world.org/ ‌ crusades.htm. History World International, n.d. Web. 22 Feb. 2010.. Trueman BA, Chris. “The Crusades.” http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/ ‌ cru1.htm. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Feb. 2010.