1. Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)01
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)

2. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)02 CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Lesson Plan Objectives:
Characterize the physical, social and emotional changes that take place in adulthood.
Identify and describe the changes that occur in health and life during old age.
Identify and describe how people physically, mentally and socially adjust to old age.

3. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)03
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Lesson Plan Objectives:
Identify and describe the five emotional stages encountered by individuals prior to dying.
Identify and describe the elements and benefits of hospice care.

4. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)05 CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Adulthood: “A full grown human/organism that has obtained both “legal age” and maturity”
Early Adulthood: – 30 years of age
Middle Adulthood: 30 – 40 years of age
Late Adulthood: – 60 years of age

5. Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)06 DQ
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Fig 5.1
How our bodies age

6. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)07
CTCT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Physical Changes - Change Theories:
Breakdown theory of Aging: The human body ages as a result of the breakdown of cells over time and the body’s inability to repair/replace the cells due to normal wear & tear.
Biological clock theory of Aging: The cells of a human body are genetically pre-programmed to divide and multiply a predetermined number of times. After the maximum number has been reached, the cells “die”.

7. Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)08
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Aging Gracefully

8. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)09
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Assignment: Chapter 12 Worksheet
Part 1: Answer the questions for assignment using pages 274 – 280.
Part 2: Answer the questions for assignment 12-2 using pages 280 – 284
Responses must completely and fully answer all parts of the question(s).

9. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12) Aging Information:10
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Aging Information:
Human body is at its physical peak between 18 – 30 years of age
During the “peak” the body is strongest, healthiest & quickest reflexes
Process of physical decline is slow and gradual

10. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)11
CTCT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Health Problems: Appearance
Hair starts to thin & turn gray
Skin starts to dry out, wrinkle and becomes inelastic
Built up muscles & fat breaks down
Stature begins to shrink
Eyesight begins to fail, hard to focus on far & near objects (reading), difficulty seeing during darkness
Gradual loss of ability to hear
Gradual slowing of reaction times

11. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12) Life Style Choices
Good health =
Eating right,
No smoking,
No alcohol,
Exercise &
Limited emotional stress

12. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12) Marriage and Divorce13 DQ
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Marriage and Divorce
90% of Adult in the US will marry
40% of marriages end in divorce
Healthy marriages: have same number of arguments but argue constructively & focus on solutions

13. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12) Cognitive Changes14 CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Cognitive Changes
Continued ability to acquire “new” knowledge
Some decline in process speed
Flexibility in “thinking processes” increases with experience
Creativity peaks for:
Scholarship, science & arts by 40
Humanities, literature & foreign languages by 60

14. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)16
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Social & Personality Development:
An individual’s personality remains stable over the years

15. Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)17 CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)

16. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12) Female Development:18
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Female Development:
Empty nest – depression from lack of purpose
Fewer demands w/o raising children
Return to previous careers, college, hobbies
Raising grandchildren

17. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12) Old Age: Attitudes19 CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Old Age: Attitudes
Many “younger” individuals regard old age as one step from the grave
Popular media makes jokes about it
Use of “senior citizen” or “golden agers” to describe
Decremential Model of Aging – physical & mental decline with old aging
General belief that old agers suffer poor health, live in poverty, frequent victims of crime, sit around and do nothing

18. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12) Changes in Health20
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Changes in Health
1% decline in physical strength and senses each year
25% of individuals over 65 are obese
40% have one chronic disease (heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, arthritis)

19. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12) Changes in Health21 CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Changes in Health
Major causes of death in old age: heart disease, cancer or stroke
General quality of health care for old agers is poor than general population
Lower socioeconomic class
Lack of physicians willing to treat
Long-term chronic conditions

20. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)22 CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Changes in Life Situation:
Adult transitions - Retirement & Widowhood
By age 65, 50% of women & 20% of males lose spouses through death
By age 80, 70% of women & 33% of males are alone
Across the generations: 6-widows for every widower

21. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)23
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Changes in Life Situation:
Adult transitions – Depression
Due to life changes (aging, loss of spouse or friends)
Symptoms: weight changes, feelings of worthlessness, extreme sadness, inability concentrate, thoughts of death or suicide

22. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12) Adjusting to Old Age24 CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Adjusting to Old Age
When individuals are unable to maintain what they value (health, socialization, friends/family, leisure/work activities) self worth & quality of life suffers
Assertive personalities are better able to cope (demand more)
Support groups: AARP (American Association of Retired People)

23. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)25 CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Changes in Metal Functioning
“Fluid Intelligence” – ability to solve abstract relational problems decreases
“Crystallized Intelligence” – ability to accumulate knowledge and learning continues
Difficulty in retrieving information from memory
Senile Dementia – forgetfulness, memory loss, disorientation, impaired thinking and attention, altered personality, difficulty in relation to others

24. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)27 CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Alzheimer’s Disease: 4th leading cause of death in the US, approx. 4-million infected
Neurological disease – gradual deterioration of cognitive functions
Frequent forgetting, poor judgment, irritability
Inability to comprehend simple questions, unable to recognize family or friends
Weakened physical & mental state makes the individual vulnerable to other illnesses

25. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12) Death & Dying:29 CT
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Death & Dying:
Social issues – care for the dying, cultural issues, legal & medical issues (assisted suicide)
Thanatology – Study of death & dying
Dr. Elisabeth Küber-Ross: 5-Stages of psychological adjustment
Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance

26. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12) Hospice:30
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Hospice:
1900 – average life span: approx. 50 years Individuals usually died at home
2000 – average life span: approx. 75 years
Today many individuals die in hospitals or nursing homes

27. Psychology Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12) Hospice:31
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
Hospice:
Medical machines prolong life when the body is unable
Hospice is designed to make the dying patient’s surroundings pleasant & comfortable
Not to prolong life but to improve the quality of life remaining
Use of drugs to ease discomfort and ease pain

28. Later Adulthood Erikson (age 65 and onward)
Integrity versus despair
Looks back over life as a whole: satisfying existence or merely staying alive
Levinson devotes little to later years
Life expectancy dramatically increased as have conceptions of old age
many have healthy years after retirement
Second careers and activism launched

29. Later Adulthood Causes of Aging Biological – human body deteriorates
Psychological
Happy or unhappy aging
Social activity and slowed intellectual decline or disengagement and isolation
Maintain healthy or unhealthy lifestyle
Optimism linked to happier, healthier, longer life

30. Death and Dying: The Final Stage
Kübler-Ross – five stages
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance

31. Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)34
Psychology
Title: Adulthood & Old Age (Chap.12)
The Years can be
Golden
Don’t Let Time
Leave You
Behind
Tomorrow Is
Just Around The Corner
END