1. - Connectors: Conjuncts
Cohesive links
- Connectors: Conjuncts
May Horverak 2014

2. Connectors Function Co-ordinating conjunctions combining main clauses
Subordinating conjunctions
Introducing subclauses
Conjuncts;
(Can be used in the beginning of sentences, followed by a comma)
Additive
(tillegg)
and or
Furthermore
In addition
Besides
Likewise
Similarly
As well as
For instance
Adversative
(motsetning)
But
although
even though
whereas
However
Nevertheless
Yet
On the one hand, on the other hand
On the contrary
Despite this
May Horverak 2014

3. Causal
(årsak)
For
because as
since
Consequently
As a result So
Therefore
Hence
That being so
For this reason
From this
According to
Temporal
(tid)
when
after
before
once
until
while
First/Firstly
Second/Secondly
Third/Thirdly
Finally
Then
Next
At the same time
To sum up
In conclusion
Conditional
(forutsetning) if
as long as
May Horverak 2014

4. conjuncts
Conjuncts are often added in the beginning of a sentence to indicate what relation this sentence has to the preceding sentence. They may also occur in other positions.
Additive (add an element)
Furthermore, In addition, Besides, Likewise, Similarly, As well as, For instance
When I hear that song, I think about poverty. Furthermore/In addition, I think about how sudden life may end.
I think the text is about feeling alone. For instance, nobody is there to help when help is needed.
Adversative (present a contradiction)
However, Nevertheless, Yet, On the one hand, on the other hand, On the contrary, Despite this
The text makes me feel sad. However, it gives me comfort as well.
The song has a sad ending. Nevertheless, it gives a notion of hope and love.
On the one hand, people have opportunities to do as they like. On the other hand, there may be circumstances preventing some people from feeling free.
I did not understand all the words in the song. Despite this, I liked it very much.
May Horverak 2014

5. Conjuncts Causal (present a reason) Temporal (indicate time)
Consequently, As a result, So, Therefore, Hence, That being so, For this reason, From this, According to
People in the ghetto are used to violence and losses. Consequently/As a result/Hence/So/Therefore, rap lyrics often have a sad mood.
Temporal (indicate time)
First/Firstly, Second/Secondly, Third/Thirdly, Finally, Then, Next, At the same time, To sum up, In conclusion
 These expressions are useful when organising a text;
First, I will write about values in the American society. Second, I will describe some social issues that present challenges for the Americans.
To sum up/In conclusion, the text tells us something about challenges in the American society.
Notice the commas following the conjuncts
May Horverak 2014

6. Exercises
Identify conjuncts in an example-essay presented in NDLA, link:
What type of function do the various conjuncts have?
Look through what you have written previously and identify conjuncts. Add at least five conjuncts in different places, or write new sentences about the same topic linked by conjuncts.
May Horverak 2014