1. Motivations for Imperialism
Essential Question:
What is imperialism & what factors led to the rise of imperialism?

2. Based upon this image, what is imperialism?
Title
Based upon this image, what is imperialism?
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3. Based upon this image, why would Europeans want to imperialize?

4. Based upon this image, what was the impact of imperialism?

5. From 1850 to 1914, the strong, industrialized nations of Europe used imperialism to seize colonies & dominate the local gov’ts & economies in Africa & Asia

6. Why did the industrialized nations of the world imperialize?
Nationalism in Europe meant that each nation wanted to become the most powerful
Having a lot of overseas colonies showed power
This turned into an all-out race for the best & most numerous colonies in Africa & Asia

7. The Industrial Revolution led to a huge demand for raw materials so countries could make more factory-produced goods
The Industrial Revolution caused a huge demand for new overseas markets to sell their finished goods
Having numerous colonies in Africa & Asia helped fuel the Industrial Revolution

8. Christian missionaries wanted to convert the “uncivilized” natives in the world by creating churches, schools, & hospitals
Europeans believed in an idea called “Social Darwinism” that argued that whites were the most evolved & superior race
Europeans believed in the “white man’s burden” that they had a responsibility to civilize the world

9. Forms of Imperialism
Sphere of Influence: Nations gain exclusive trading rights in territory, dominate all trade, but allow the local gov’t to make other decisions
Colony: Europeans seize a territory & rule it directly by sending governors to the colony
Protectorate: Local gov’t exists, but Europeans make all real decisions in order to protect their trade

10. What was the impact of European imperialism in Africa?
Essential Question:
What was the impact of European imperialism in Africa?

11. Partition of Africa Board Game
Use your ruler and map of Africa to carve out a 1 inch by 1 inch colony First come, first serve

12. From 1880 to 1914 European nations used imperialism to dominate the continent of Africa

13. The arrival of Europeans changed Africa
The Industrial Revolution led to imperialism in Africa in the mid-1800s
Before Europeans, Africa was divided into tribal clans
During the Age of Exploration, Europeans explored the African coast
…and brought African slaves to their colonies in America
…and powerful Islamic kingdoms

14. In the 1870s, the discoveries of a missionary named David Livingstone increased European interest in Africa
The first Europeans to explore the interior of Africa were missionaries & explorers
Reports of large deposits of natural resources & the rise of nationalism in Europe set off a race for African colonies
Social Darwinism, steamboats, & industrial weapons encouraged the conquest of Africa

15. Quick class discussion:
The race for African colonies was so fierce that Europeans became afraid wars would break out
In 1884, 14 nations met at the Congress of Berlin to “set the rules” for colonizing in Africa
Any nation could claim land in Africa by notifying other nations & showing it could control the area
Quick class discussion:
What kind of rules do you think they came up with?
No African nations were invited to attend; No concern was given to ethic divisions in Africa

16. By 1914, Europeans controlled 90% of Africa
France took most of west Africa
Belgium claimed the Congo in central Africa
Germany had many colonies throughout Africa
These nations used African colonies to gain diamonds, tin, gold, rubber & built cash-crop plantations

17. The most dominant imperial power in Africa was Great Britain
British industry fueled demand for raw materials
Britain claimed colonies in Egypt & in East Africa
England
In 1882, Britain seized control of the Suez Canal from a French company
India
Britain seized control of South Africa from the Dutch
Egypt
Many citizens in England dreamed of a British colony from “Capetown to Cairo”
South Africa

18. His DeBeers Company created diamond mines in South Africa
The most important empire-builder in Africa was British businessman, Cecil Rhodes
His DeBeers Company created diamond mines in South Africa
Rhodes gained new colonies for Britain in southern Africa
Rhodes used his wealth to build railroads & telegraph lines in Africa

19. What was the impact of European imperialism in Africa?
Europeans introduced new technologies like railroads, telegraph lines, & steamboats…
…but transportation routes only connected areas that benefited European businessmen
Europeans brought an end to the slave trade…
…but Africans were paid low wages & exploited

20. What was the impact of European imperialism in Africa?
Europeans built schools, churches, & hospitals…
…but Africans were taught European culture
Europeans profited off Africa’s raw materials & cheap African labor
Africans were unable to rule themselves, participate in voting, or learn professional skills
In South Africa, the British segregated society called apartheid which remained in place for over 100 years

21. Africans rebelled against European rule, but were defeated due to advanced European weaponry

22. Africa remained under the control of European imperialists from the 1880s until the 1950s & 1960s