1. Ch 7 Cellular Respiration
Ch 3 Biochemistry
Ch 6 Photosynthesis
SPI’s:
1.3- Distinguish between proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids.
1.4-Identify positive tests for carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
3.1-Intrept a diagram that illustrates energy flow in an ecosystem.
3.2-Distinguish between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
3.3 –Compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration in terms of energy transformation
Ch 7 Cellular Respiration

2. tend to prevent great fluctuations in pH.
Bellringer # 1
Buffers
tend to prevent great fluctuations in pH.
are of relatively little importance in living things.
are formed when a large number of hydronium ions are released in a solution.
are formed when a large number of hydroxide ions are released in a solution.
Clear desk except for scantron, test packet, and highlighter.

3. How many electrons are in Carbon’s outer energy level? 5 4 3 2
Bellringer # 2
How many electrons are in Carbon’s outer energy level? 5 4 3 2
Open text to pg 51. Set up notes for 3.1.

4. Chapter 3 Table of Contents Section 1 Carbon Compounds
Biochemistry
Table of Contents
Section 1 Carbon Compounds
Section 2 Molecules of Life

5. Chapter 3 Objectives Section 1 Carbon Compounds
Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds.
Explain the importance of carbon bonding in biological molecules.
Identify functional groups in biological molecules.
Summarize how large carbon molecules are synthesized and broken down.
Describe how the breaking down of ATP supplies energy to drive chemical reactions.

6. Carbon Compounds
Most of the molecules from which living organisms are made are based on the element carbon.

7. Organic compounds contain carbon atoms and are found in living things.
Section 1 Carbon Compounds
Chapter 3
Carbon Bonding
Organic compounds contain carbon atoms and are found in living things.
Most inorganic compounds do not contain carbon atoms.

8. Carbon Bonding, continued
Section 1 Carbon Compounds
Chapter 3
Carbon Bonding, continued
Carbon atoms can readily form 4 covalent bonds with other atoms including other carbon.
This allows C to form a wide variety of simple and complex organic compounds.

9. Section 1 Carbon Compounds
Chapter 3
Carbon Bonding

10. Section 1 Carbon Compounds
Chapter 3
Functional Groups
Functional groups are groups of atoms that influence the properties of molecules and the chemical reactions in which the molecules participate.

11. Large Carbon Molecules
Many carbon compounds are built up from smaller, simpler molecules called monomers.
Monomers bond to one another to form polymers.
Large polymers are called macromolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids)

12. Section 1 Carbon Compounds
Chapter 3
Large Carbon Molecules cont.
Condensation reactions join monomers (small simple molecules) to form polymers, which releases water as a by-product.
In a hydrolysis reaction, water is used to split polymers into monomers.

13. Section 1 Carbon Compounds
Chapter 3
Energy Currency
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stores and releases energy during cell processes, enabling organisms to function.

14. Carbon Organic compound Functional group Monomer Polymer
3.1 Vocab
Carbon
Organic compound
Functional group
Monomer
Polymer
6. Macromolecule 7. Condensation reaction 8. Hydrolysis 9. Adenosine triphosphate 10. Hydrophilic

15. Chapter 3 Objectives Section 2 Molecules of Life
Distinguish between monosaccharides, disaccharides,and polysaccharides.
Explain the relationship between amino acids and protein structure.
Describe the induced fit model of enzyme action.
Compare the structure and function of each of the different types of lipids.
Compare the nucleic acids DNA and RNA.

16. Large Carbon molecules are synthesized by Hydrolysis reactions
Bellringer #3
Large Carbon molecules are synthesized by
Hydrolysis reactions
Acidic reactions
Condensation reactions
Covalent reactions
Open text to pg. 55 set up notes for 3.2.

17. There are 4 main classes of organic compounds:

18. composed of ratio of 1 carbon : 2 hydrogen : 1 oxygen.
Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
1. Carbohydrates
composed of ratio of 1 carbon : 2 hydrogen : 1 oxygen.
source of energy
used as structural materials in organisms.

19. Chapter 3 Carbohydrates Section 2 Molecules of Life
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
Visual Concept

20. Carbohydrates are made up of monomers called monosaccharides.
Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
Carbohydrates, continued
Monosaccharides
Carbohydrates are made up of monomers called monosaccharides.

21. Disaccharides and Polysaccharides
Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
Carbohydrates, continued
Disaccharides and Polysaccharides
2 monosaccharides join to form a double sugar called a disaccharide.
A complex sugar, or polysaccharide, is made of 3 or more monosaccharides.

22. Chapter 3 Disaccharides Section 2 Molecules of Life
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
Visual Concept

23. composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
2. Proteins
composed mainly of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
have many functions including structural, defensive, and catalytic roles.

24. Proteins are made up of monomers called amino acids.
Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
Proteins, continued
Amino Acids
Proteins are made up of monomers called amino acids.
The sequence of amino acids determines a protein’s shape and function.

25. Chapter 3 Amino Acids Section 2 Molecules of Life
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
Visual Concept

26. Dipeptides and Polypeptides
Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
Proteins, continued
Dipeptides and Polypeptides
2 amino acids joined by peptide bonds form a dipeptide.
long chain of amino acids: polypeptide.

27. Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
Structure of Proteins

28. Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
Proteins, continued
Enzymes
speed up chemical reactions and bind to specific substrates which causes a change in the enzyme’s shape and reduces the activation energy of the reaction.

29. Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
Enzyme Activity

30. The building blocks of proteins are called _________. Peptides
Bellringer # 4
The building blocks of proteins are called _________.
Peptides
Amino acids
Monosaccharides
Fatty acids
Open text to pg 59. GET OUT notes for 3.2.

31. nonpolar molecules that store a lot of energy
Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
3. Lipids
nonpolar molecules that store a lot of energy
important part of cell membranes.

32. Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
Lipids, continued
Fatty Acids
Most lipids contain fatty acids: unbranched carbon molecules that have a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.

33. Chapter 3 Fatty Acids Section 2 Molecules of Life
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
Visual Concept

34. consist of 3 fatty acids and 1 molecule of glycerol.
Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
Lipids, continued
Triglycerides
consist of 3 fatty acids and 1 molecule of glycerol.

35. Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
Lipids, continued
Phospholipids
make up cell membranes, consist of 2 fatty acids and 1 glycerol molecule.
The Inability of lipids to dissolve in water allows cell membrane to form a barrier between inside and outside of cell.

36. 1 long fatty acid chain joined to 1 long alcohol. waterproof Steroids
Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
Lipids, continued
Waxes
1 long fatty acid chain joined to 1 long alcohol.
waterproof
Steroids
4 fused carbon rings with various functional groups attached.

37. stores and transports information. 2 major types:
Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
4. Nucleic Acids
large and complex
stores and transports information.
2 major types:
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA): determines characteristics of organism and directs cell activities
Ribonucleic acid (RNA): stores and transfers information from DNA. plays roles in building proteins and can act as enzymes.

38. Structure of Nucleic Acids
Section 2 Molecules of Life
Chapter 3
Structure of Nucleic Acids

39. Chapter 3 Nucleic Acids Section 2 Molecules of Life
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
Visual Concept

40. 6. Fatty Acid 7. Nucleic Acid 8. Phospholipid 9. Wax 10. Steroid
3.2 Vocab
Carbohydrate
Protein
Amino acid
Lipid
Hydrophobic
6. Fatty Acid 7. Nucleic Acid 8. Phospholipid 9. Wax 10. Steroid