1. And Then the War Came
The Civil War

2. Fort Sumter March 4, 1861 Lincoln took office
Tense standoff at Fort Sumter, SC
April 12 4:30 am the Civil War began
Sumter surrendered on April 13
The only casualty was an artillery mule

3. Armies North and South
April 15 Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers to fight the war
Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina join Confederacy
April 19 Naval blockade
Anaconda Plan
Typical soldier was between 18 & 25 years old
$13 a month
Little training and low admission standards
Typically a farmer by trade

4. Faces Blue and Gray

5. The Union Population Economy Railroads Abraham Lincoln Navy
Could supply all its needs
Had to conquer the South
Poor generalship early
Uncertain reasons for fighting
Volunteer army
Political division

6. The Confederacy Better generalship (early) Better soldiers
On the defensive
Belief in their cause
Could trade territory for time
Possible European intervention
Population
Few industrial regions
Poor railroads
Political divisions
Jefferson Davis
Lack of a clear grand strategy

7. Weapons of War .58 caliber rifled musket Springfield Enfield
12 pound Napoleon
Sabers
Pistols

10. Civil War Medicine Brutal and primitive Amputations No antibiotics
Infections
Disease
Gangrene
Typhoid
Diarrhea
Pneumonia
Small Pox

11. 52-21 Roll Tide Roll

12. First Blood at Manassas
Bull Run or Manassas
July 21, 1861
Irving McDowell (U)
PGT Beauregard (C)
Union 35,000
CSA 32,000
Result: Confederate Victory

13. Feb-June1862 Feb. 6-16 Forts Henry and Donelson fall to U.S. Grant
March 9 Battle between the Monitor and Merrimac (Virginia)
April 6-7 Battle of Shiloh
May 31-June 1 Battle of Seven Pines
June 25-July 1 Seven Days Battles

14. Lee Invades the North Aug. 29-30 Second Bull Run
Lee invades the North with his Army of Northern Virginia
Sept. 17 Battle of Antietam
Bloodiest day in American history
Lee turned back

15. Antietam

16. October-January 1863 Emancipation Proclamation
Oct. 8 Battle of Perryville
Dec. 13 Battle of Fredericksburg
Dec. 31-Jan. 2, 1863 Battle of Stones River

17. Blood on the Scales 1863 May 1-4 Battle of Chancellorsville
Jackson mortally wounded
May 18 Vicksburg under siege
Lee invades the North once again
George Gordon Meade is given command of the Army of the Potomac

18. Gettysburg
July 1 Lee wins the first day, but fails to take critical high ground on Cemetery Ridge and Culp’s Hill
July 2 Culp’s Hill, Devil’s Den, Little Round Top
July 3 Pickett’s Charge

19. Map of Gettysburg

20. Gettysburg

21. July 4, 1863 Lee retreats from Gettysburg Grant takes Vicksburg
Tide of the war has turned

22. Chickamauga to Chattanooga
Sept Battle of Chickamauga
Oct. 1-Nov. 25 Siege and battles for Chattanooga
Grant promoted to head of all Union armies

23. Grant vs. Lee 1864 May 5-6 Battle of the Wilderness
May 9-18 Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse
June 3 Battle of Cold Harbor
June- April 1865 Siege ofPetersburg

24. Overland Campaign

25. Atlanta in the Balance William Sherman May 13-15 Resaca
May New Hope Church
June 27 Kennesaw Mountain
Hood replaced Johnston
July 20 Peachtree Creek
July 22 Atlanta
Sept. 2 City taken by Sherman

26. Atlanta Campaign

27. Endgame Lincoln won re-election in 1864
Nov. 2 Sherman began march to the sea
Nov. 30 Battle of Franklin
Dec Battle of Nashville
Army of Tennessee virtually destroyed

28. April 1865 April 1 Battle of Five Forks Lee abandoned Petersburg
Davis fled Richmond
Army of Northern Virginia pursued to Appomattox Courthouse
Lee surrendered to Grant April 9
April 14 Lincoln assassinated by John Wilks Booth

29. Aftermath Union 140,141 Killed in Action
224,586 Died of Disease and other causes
275,200 Wounded
Confederate
72,524 Killed in Action
187,476 Died of Disease and other causes
137,000 Wounded