1. Revolution: Industry and Transportation Factories Roads Railroads Canals Steamboats

2. Steamboats
Transporting by the river was faster and cheaper but boats could only travel downstream because of their heavy cargo
The steamboat was able to travel upstream
First steam boat (Clermont) was invented by Robert Fulton

3. Canals Link farms to cities Erie Canal connected Northeast to West
Expense goes from $100 to $4
Made NYC a commercial center

4. Railroads (“Iron Horses”)
Idea brought back by Peter Cooper from Britain
Helped settle the West
Pulled heavier loads than horses

5. 1st Industrial Revolution
Technological developments changed manufacturing , culture, social life and politics
Manufacturing shifted from hand tools to complex machines, unskilled labor
Work is done in factories not the home
Created a middle class…this is good

6. Samuel Slater
Britain had strict laws prohibiting anyone from sharing their inventions with foreigners
But in 1789, Samuel Slater came to America and constructed the British water frame from memory
Used the water to power the textile mill
Factories must be near water (Northeast region)

7. Francis Lowell
Opened mills in Massachusetts where he introduced mass production of cotton cloth after touring Britain, not just making the thread
Built residences for workers in Lowell, MA, strict rules for behavior
Employed women (“Lowell girls”) until they got married

8. Interchangeable parts
Invented by Eli Whitney
Transformed gun making from a one-by-one process into a factory process by making all parts of one product the same
This process will be used on other technologies to turn out large quantities
Sewing machines invented by Elias Howe and perfected by Isaac Singer

10. Samuel F.B. Morse Invented the telegraph
Developed the Morse code for sending messages (dots and dashes)
Before messages would take as long as a horse took but after messages were almost instant

11. Immigration
Industrialization drew millions of immigrants (Ireland and Germany) to cities in search of factory jobs
Disliked by Americans because they were not Protestant and were prosperous
Nativism: favoring native born Americans over immigrants

12. Farming Still dominated the American economy
South relies on slave labor for cotton production (Cotton Kingdom)
Steel plow by John Deere
Mechanical reaper by Cyrus McCormick
Cut and gather grain

13. Industrial Revolution Advertisements
Pair Work
Students will choose one of the following inventions for their advertisements:
Cotton gin Telegraph
Steamboat Steel plow
Iron Horse Water Mill
Mechanical Reaper
Students must include the following in their advertisement:
What it does
How it will change things for the buyer
Give credit to inventor
Don’t be wordy
Illustration and color