1. The Mongol Empire   
Grade 7

2. The Mongol Empire 4 regions or khanates Mongolia and China
Central Asia
Persia
Russia *

3. Genghis Khan and the Mongols
Mongols lived in Northern china.
Encouraged the skill of battle into its people.
They were great horsemen
Could cover 100 miles a day.
Special saddles and steel stirrups.
Enabled a high rate of bow and arrow fire.
Surround their enemies, shower them with arrows.
Mongols started their conquest in 1206.

4. REAL NAME: TEMUJIN (Genghis khan – means strong ruler)
CONTINUED..
REAL NAME: TEMUJIN (Genghis khan – means strong ruler)
HE SET OUT TO UNIFTY THE MONGOL CLANS
HE CREATED A NEW LEGAL CODE AND MONGOL LAWS
HE CREATED AN ARMY OF 100,000 WARRIORS CALLED UNITS AND CLAN CHIEFS TO HELP HIM PLAN BATTLES
GENGhIS KHAN INVADED parts of asia AND had 21 years of conquest
KNOWN FOR HIS USE OF TERROR AND CRUEL FIGHTING METHODS – MANY SURRENDERED WITHOUT FIGHTING

5. Ghengis Khan Ghenghis Khan lived from 1162-1227.
They easily conquered cnetral asia and most of Persia(Bagadad), Tibet and southeast asia
Failed to invade Japan……….Storm stopped them……Divine wind.
Batu, grandson to Ghenghis invaded Europe in 1240.
Controlled Russia, Poland, and Hungary.
Typically they plundered the city and enslaved or killed the people living there.
Europeans called them the Golden Horde (color of tents)

6. Kublai Khan Kublai dynasty was called the Yuan. Lasted about 100 years
Covered most of northern china, headquartered in Beijing.
Under the Mongols China prospered.
Population began to grow.
Extended the Grand canal.
Started trade routes to the south

7. KUBLAI KHAN HIS CAPITAL CITY: (BEIJING)
IN 1271 C.E. – KUBLAI WANTED ALL OF CHINA AND BY C.E. TOOK OVER ALL OF CHINA AND ENDED THE SONG DYNASTY
MONGOLS ALLOWED RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AND BROUGHT WEALTH TO CHINA – TRADED TEA, PORCELAIN, AND SILK FOR CARPETS, COTTON, AND SPICES
MANY MUSLIMS AND EUROPEANS WANTED CHINESE DISCOVERIES
MONGOLS FORCED KOREANS TO BUILD SHIPS AND TRIED TO INVADE JAPAN TWICE BUT LOST DUE TO HUGE STORMS
Failed to conquer Japan
Restored the Grand Canal; built paved highway

8. Contact with Europeans
King Louis IX and the Pope sent ambassadors to China.
Missionaries also traveled there with traders.
Marco Polo, at seventeen, traveled to China. Came from Venice, Italy
Took three years
Kublai employed him as a special representitive.
Stayed in China for 17 years.
Ruled the city of Yangzhou
Wrote book about travels

9. Mongol / Chinese Relations
Yuan Dynasty did a lot of good for the Chinese, but there were still tensions.
They spoke different languages.
Mongols did not treat the Chinese as equals.
Punishments were harsher for Chinese.
Mongols hired their own leaders and did not mix socially with the Chinese
Did not give civil service tests but allowed some scholar- officials to keep jobs
When Kublai died in 1294.
China experienced many problem, flooding and famine caused revolts.
1368, the Mongols were forced out.