1. Revolution brings Reform & terrorp
Revolution brings Reform & terror

2. Objectives
Explain how the National Assembly changed France’s Government
Summarize the positions of the three factions that tried to govern France
Explain how war and the King’s execution affected the Revolution
Describe the events and the aftermath of the Reign of Terror

3. The Assembly Reforms France
The Rights of Man
Many nobles join National Assembly
Motived by fear more than idealism
The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen
Reflects influence by U.S. Declaration of Independence
Life
Liberty
Resistance to oppresion
“Liberty, Equality, Fraternity”

4. The Assembly Reforms France
A State Controlled Church
Louis tries to Escape
Assembly takes over church
Takes land – sells it
Priests and officials must be elected
Paid as state officials
Devout Catholic peasants
Didn’t want church part of state
Many supporters had already fled
Louis tries to escape to Austrian Netherlands
Captured and taken back to Paris

5. Old problems still there
Divisions Develop
A Limited Monarchy
Factions Split France
Louis reluctantly signs new constitution
Limited Constitutional Monarchy
Legislative Assembly
Create law
Wage war
King still the executive
Old problems still there
Food shortages
Government debt

6. Divisions Develop Radicals Moderates Conservatives
Factions Split France
Radicals
Left
Opposed the idea of Monarchy
Sweeping changes
Moderates
Center
Wanted some changes
Not as many as radicals
Conservatives
Right
Upheld limited Monarchy
Wanted few changes

7. War and Execution Feared that revolution might spread
Foreign monarchs watch with concern
France at War
Feared that revolution might spread
Prussia and Austria urged France to restore Louis XVI
Legislative Assembly declares war
Starts badly
Prussians about to invade Paris
Threaten to destroy Paris if royal family is harmed
20,000 mob, massacre royal guards
Imprison the royal family

8. War and Execution Rumors that king is going to escape
France at War (cont.)
Rumors that king is going to escape
Citizens take law into own hands
Murder 1,000 prisoners
Nobles, priest and royal sympathizers killed
Legislative Assembly declares king deposed
Dissolve Assembly
Call for election of new legislature
Women not allowed to vote

9. War and Execution Jacobin Club Jacobins lead the charge
Jacobins Take Control
The War Continues
Jacobin Club
Radical political organization
Jacobins lead the charge
Try Louis for treason
Found guilty by close vote
Beheaded by guillotine
French are doing surprisingly well
Brittan, Holland, and Spain join opposition
French take extreme measure
Draft 300,000 citizens into the army
Army now 800,000 strong
Including women

10. The Terror Grips France
Robespierre Assumes Control
Maximillien Robespierre
To deal with domestic unrest, slowly gains power
Governs France as a dictator
Becomes known as “Reign of Terror”
Enemies tried in the morning
Guillotined in evening
Most were other radical that challenged his leadership

11. The Terror Grips France
Robespierre Assumes Control (cont.)
End of the Terror
~40,000 people were executed during the “Reign of Terror”
~85% were
Peasants
members of urban poor
Middle class
In July of 1794 National Convention turns on Robespierre
Receives the guillotine
Moderates establish 3rd plan of government
2 legislative bodies
5 man executive body
Find the right general for France’s army
Napoleon Bonaparte