1. Sociology for health professionals IIHS 2011
6. Gender and Sexuality
Sexual Differentiation
Sex Vs Gender
Gender roles over the Life span
Social Inequalities between Men and Women
Feminist Theories
Time allocated 06hrs
Sociology for health professionals IIHS 2011

2. Gender Stratification
V 01 TO 02
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

3. Gender and Inequality
Gender–Personal traits and social positions that members of a society attach to being female and male
Gender stratification–Unequal distribution of wealth, power, and privilege between men and women
Male-female biological differences
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

4. Gender in a Global Perspective
Israeli kibbutzim
Gender equality is a stated goal.
Margaret Mead’s research
Culture is key to gender differences.
George Murdock’s research
Some global agreement about feminine and masculine tasks.
Gender and culture
What it means to be male or female is mostly a creation of society.
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

5. Figure 13.1 Men’s and Women’s Athletic Performance
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

6. A form of social organization in which males dominate females
Patriarchy and Sexism
A form of social organization in which males dominate females
Matriarchy–A form of social organization in which females dominate males
Sexism–Belief that one sex or the other is innately inferior or superior
Institutional sexism
Found throughout the economy
The costs of sexism
Sexism limits half of the human population.
Inevitability of patriarchy
Most sociologists believe gender is socially constructed and can be changed.
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

7. Global Map 13.1 Women’s Power in Global Perspective
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

8. Gender and Socialization
Gender roles (sex roles)–Attitudes and activities that a society links to each sex
Gender affects how we think of ourselves and teaches us how to behave.
Research suggests that most young people develop personalities that are a mix of feminine and masculine traits.
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

9. Gender and the Family Is it a boy or girl?
Color-coding gender
Traditional notions of gender identity
Handling of children
Female: passivity and emotion
Male: independence and action
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

10. Gender and Peer Groups Janet Lever (1978) Gilligan (1982) Schooling
Boys favor team sports with complex rules and clear objectives.
Girls’ sports teach interpersonal skills and the value of sharing and cooperation.
Gilligan (1982)
Boys reason according to abstract principles. Girls consider morality a matter of responsibility to others.
Schooling
Gender shapes interests and beliefs, guides areas of study, and career choices.
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

11. Gender and the Mass Media
White males have center stage.
Minorities locked out until the early 1970s.
Women receive roles based on sex appeal.
The “beauty myth”
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

12. V 03 TO 04

13. Social Stratification
59% of all women work.
Women hold primary responsibility for household duties.
Our culture gives more responsibility for parenting to women.
On average, women earn 77 cents for every dollar earned by men.
Some work defined as “men’s work”
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

14. Table 13.1 Jobs with the Highest Concentrations of Women, 2006
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

15. Figure 13.2 Housework: Who Does How Much?
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

16. Education, Politics, and Military
Gender and education
60% of all associate and bachelor degrees are earned by women. Since 1992, women earned most postgraduate degrees.
Politics
Nineteenth Amendment (1920)
Women active in local, state politics
Military
15% of US military personnel are women and 15% of all deployed forces.
Culture influences our views of women in the military.
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

17. V 05

18. National Map 13.1 Women in State Government across the United States
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

19. Are Women a Minority?
At every class level, women have less income, wealth, education, and power than men.
Intersection theory–The interplay of race, class, and gender, often resulting in multiple dimensions of disadvantage.
Disadvantages linked to gender and race often combine to produce especially low social standing.
Multilayered system of disadvantage for some and privilege for others
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

20. Violence Against Women
In the 19th century, men claimed the right to physically discipline their wives.
Sexual assaults, rapes, attempted rapes, and physical assaults
Campus and university gender violence
Much gender-linked violence occurs in the home.
Female genital mutilation
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

21. Global Map 13.2 Female Genital Mutilation in Global Perspective
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

22. Violence Against Men
Our society might encourage more violence against men than women.
Our culture tends to define masculinity in terms of aggression and violence.
Men’s lives involve more stress and isolation than women’s lives.
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

23. Sexual Harassment Rules for workplace interaction
Comments, gestures, or physical contact of a sexual nature that are deliberate, repeated, and unwelcome.
Rules for workplace interaction
Causes of sexual harassment
Culture encourages men to be sexually assertive and perceive women in sexual terms.
Men occupy most positions of power.
By the “effect standard,” a hostile environment involves different perceptions of the same behavior.
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

24. Pornography
People take different views of what is and isn’t pornographic.
Concerns about pornography as a moral issue
The gender-stratification point of view considers pornography a power issue.
Concern that pornography promotes violence against women by portraying them as weak and undeserving of respect
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

25. Figure 13.3 Use of Contraception by Married Women of Childbearing Age
Sociology, 12th Edition by John Macionis
Copyright  2008 Prentice Hall, a division of Pearson Education. All rights reserved.

26. V 06

27. Key questions
Identify the changing gender roles according to the sociological variables that you learned.
Discuss the are Gender related dilemmas that a healthcare professionals would face in the current healthcare service environment and the different strategies that healthcare professional will have to used to counter the mentioned challengers.
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28. Sociology for health professionals IIHS 2011
Assignment 03
What is social stratification and Social rules their significance in today's society
What is Socialization in ancient times & today, Why socialization and e-socialization and its importance to today's society.
Describe the development in children and its value for to importance healthcare professionals.
What is the importance of face and culture, social encounters and impression management their importance to healthcare professional
Current Social Stratification , basic Systems of Stratification and Theories of Stratification are not suitable for today's world
Sociology for health professionals IIHS 2011

29. Thank you …See you next week!