1. Multiculturalism

2. Definition of multiculturalism
Multiculturalism: the co-existence of diverse cultures
In Canada, it is when people are encouraged to retain their heritage and culture in their new country
Canada's was the first government in the world to make an official multiculturalism policy in 1971

3. What percent do you think?
How many Canadians were born outside Canada?
a) 10% b) 20% c) 35% d) 50%
How many Torontonians were born outside Canada?
a) 10% b) 20% c) 35% d) 50%

4. Nation of immigrants Over 140 languages spoken in Toronto
Toronto rivals New York and London as the most diverse city in the world

5. Toronto vs Montreal
Montreal only has 33% of its population being born outside Canada
Why doesn’t Montreal have the same level of diversity as Toronto?
Its language police crack down on anything not in French
It attracts people from former French colonies (Haiti, Lebanon) and there are fewer of those than former British colonies

6. Top Languages
What do you think are the Top 5 languages spoken in Toronto besides English?
1) Chinese
2) Italian
3) Punjabi
4) Tagalog
5) Portuguese

7. More definitions
Mother Tongue: the first language you learned and still remember
Home Language: the language that is most commonly spoken by the members of a family for everyday interactions at home.
content/uploads/2012/03/Canadamap.jpg Interactive Canada map

8. Definitions Ethnic Origin: your cultural and racial background
Visible Minority: an ethnic group that looks different from the majority
Chain Migration: when one wave of immigrants settle in a place and that encourages more waves of immigrants to move there, this forms ethnic neighbourhoods

9. Visible Minorities

10. Toronto’s Diversity What percent are visible minority?
The largest visible minority groups were South Asian (12.6%), Chinese (12.5%), and Black (8.9%).
Visible minorities are projected to increase to 63% of the city's population by 2031

11. Ethnic enclave
: a residential concentration combined with religious, cultural institutions and services
Enclaves are largely concentrations by choice, voluntary.
They are a product of housing market and opportunities.
They are not ghettos in the sense that they are not the result of discrimination and poverty.

12. Toronto’s Ethnic Neighbourhoods
This diversity is reflected in Toronto's ethnic neighbourhoods, which include:
Chinatown
Corso Italia
Greektown
Koreatown
Little India
Little Italy
Little Jamaica
Little Portugal
Roncesvalles (Polish community)

15. http://neoformix. com/Pr ojects/DotMaps/Toronto VisMin
ojects/DotMaps/Toronto VisMin.html Another fascinating interactive map of visible minorities in Toronto

16. Religion in Toronto (2011)

17. Difference between the Canadian and American systems

18. Canada = Mosaic
Mosaic: in Canada, immigrants can retain much more of their original culture (also called Salad Bowl theory)

19. USA = Melting pot
Melting Pot: in the States, immigrants lose much more of their culture and become more alike and 'Americanized', they become more assimilated and blend into the dominant culture

20. Pros Cons Mosaic Melting Pot
Pros
Cons
Mosaic
-diversity strengthens society
- less of a 'Canadian identity'
- it breeds tolerance
-encourages ethnic ghettos and marginalization
Melting Pot
-stronger national identity
-immigrants cut ties with their home country
-assimilation not a bad thing
-less tolerant, host country seen as 'superior' culture?