1. Canada & Multiculturalism

2. Who is Canadian?

3. Michelle Jean 1 st black Govenor-General of Canada David Suzuki Environmental Activist Pamela Anderson Actress Adrienne Clarkson Journalist and former Govenor-General of Canada

4. Blonde hair + blue eyes = Canadian Red hair + hazel eyes = Canadian But… Black hair + brown eyes = Canadian Brown hair + brown eyes = Canadian

5. Immigration process of migrating to live permanently in another country few Canadians have experienced immigration, but all have parent, grandparent or distant relative who came to Canada as a stranger all Canadians share an immigrant past  there would be no Canada without immigration

6. Immigration Trends Wave #1 French settlement of Quebec and Acadia American and European entrepreneurs British military personnel Wave #2 British and Irish after War of 1812 Irish after Potato Famine 1846-1849 Wave #3 Europe pre WW1, 1910-1913 Wave #4 Europe, 1957 Wave #5 Post 1970s – mainly visible minorities from developing world ex. S Asia, China

7. Multicultural Country Multi Cultural Many Countries Canada’s population is made up of people from many different ethnic backgrounds.

8. 2001 census - Statistics Canada – Visible minorities - 16.2% of population South Asian 4%, Chinese 3.9%, Black 2.5%, Filipino 1.1% – Non-visible minorities – German 10.18%, Italian 4.63%, Ukrainian 3.87%, Dutch 3.87%, Polish 3.15%, Russian 1.60%, Norwegian 1.38%, Portuguese 1.32%, Swedish 1.07%

9. Multicultural

10. Vancouver Montreal Toronto

11. Multicultural Country Official policies exist to protect cultural diversity – Multiculturalism Act, 1988 – Immigration – Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms – 2 official languages, but reality is quite different

12. Canadian Multiculturalism Act, 1988 Objectives: – Recognize and promote that multiculturalism is a fundamental characteristic of Canadian heritage and identity – Foster recognition and appreciation of diverse cultures of Canadian society – Preserve and enhance the use of languages other than French and English, while strengthening the status and use of Canada’s official languages

13. Immigration 3 types of immigration classes – family class (closely related persons of Canadian residents) – independent immigrants (admitted on the basis of a point system that account for age, health and labour-market skills required for cost effectively inducting the immigrants into Canada's white-collar or blue-collar labour market) – refugees seeking protection

14. Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms -guarantees certain political rights and civil rights of everyone from the policies and actions of all levels of government -designed to unify Canadians around a set of principles that embody those rights -signed into law by Queen Elizabeth II of Canada on April 17, 1982

15. Canada’s Aboriginal Groups First Nations – indigenous people of North America, living in Canada, who are not Metis or Inuit Metis – First Nations or Inuit married European settlers Inuit – indigenous people living in the northern regions near the Arctic

19. Canada is a land made up of people from many different cultural backgrounds so it is difficult to define Canadian culture.

20. Cultural Mosaic Canada is viewed as a Cultural Mosaic – people of different cultural backgrounds living together while maintaining their own distinct cultural characteristics.

21. Canada – A Cultural Mosaic