1. Clinical characteristics of Depression
Previous exam question:
Outline the clinical characteristics of depression. (4 marks)

2. Depression is classified as a affective or mood disorder
The symptoms of major depression can be divided into four categorise – behavioural, physical, emotional and cognitive
To be diagnosed with major depression, a doctor or psychiatrist would look for symptoms described in one of the mental health criteria manuals: ICD-10 and the DSM-V

3. Persistent sadness or low mood Marked loss of interest or pleasure
DSM
At least one of the following, occurring most days, most of the time for at least two weeks:
Persistent sadness or low mood
Marked loss of interest or pleasure
PLUS at least five of these:
Disturbed sleep
Loss of appetite or weight
Fatigue, low energy
Agitated or slower movements
Poor concentration, hard to make decisions
Feeling worthless or inappropriate guilt
Suicidal thoughts or acts
ICD
All three of the following must be present:
Persistent sadness or low mood present most days, most of the time for at least two weeks
Loss of interest or pleasure
Fatigue or low energy
PLUS most of the following to give a total of at least 8:
Disturbed sleep
Loss of appetite
Poor concentration and attention
Low self-esteem and self-confidence
Feeling guilty and unworthy
Suicidal thoughts, acts or self-harm
Bleak, pessimistic views of the future