1. LESSON 1.4: DEPRESSION Unit 1: Mental Health

2. Do Now  Fill in the K-W-L chart with what you know and want to know about depression. KNOWWANT TO KNOW LEARNED

3. Discuss  Share your list of “Knows” and “Want to Knows” with a partner. KNOWWANT TO KNOW LEARNED

4. Did you know?  If 100 US adults are followed over their entire lifetime, 16 will have at least one episode of clinical depression (the lifetime prevalence of depression is 16.5 percent).  In any given single year, 6 of the 100 will experience depression symptoms that meet the diagnostic clinical depression criteria. http://www.philly.com/philly/blogs/sportsdoc/Depression-in-athletes-is-it-being-ignored.html#y4uJJQg2sMtmTOqK.99

5. What is Depression?  a medical illness that causes a persistent feeling of sadness and loss of interest and even physical symptoms  affects how you feel, think and behave & can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems  is a chronic illness that usually requires long-term treatment (Mayo Clinic)

6. What is Depression?  caused by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors.  Brain-imaging technologies, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have shown that the brains of people who have depression look different than those of people without it. (NIMH)

7. Types of Depression:  Major depression: a combination of symptoms that interfere with a person's ability to work, sleep, study, eat, and enjoy once- pleasurable activities.  Dysthymia: long-term (2 years or longer) symptoms that may not be severe enough to disable a person but can prevent normal functioning or feeling well.  Minor depression: having symptoms for 2 weeks or longer that do not meet full criteria for major depression. Without treatment, people with minor depression are at high risk for developing major depressive disorder. (NIMH)

8. Signs & Symptoms of Depression:  Persistent sad, anxious, or "empty" feelings  Feelings of hopelessness or pessimism  Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, or helplessness  Irritability, restlessness  Loss of interest in activities or hobbies once pleasurable  Fatigue and decreased energy  Difficulty concentrating, remembering details, and making decisions  Insomnia, early-morning wakefulness, or excessive sleeping  Overeating, or appetite loss  Thoughts of suicide, suicide attempts  Aches or pains, headaches, cramps, or digestive problems that do not ease even with treatment. (NIMH)

9. Diagnosing Depression:  There is no diagnostic lab test for depression  To be diagnosed with major depression, you must meet the symptom criteria spelled out in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)  five or more of a set of symptoms over a two-week period. At least one of the symptoms must be either a depressed mood or a loss of interest or pleasure. (Mayo Clinic)

10. Treating Depression:  Antidepressants: work on brain chemicals called neurotransmitters, especially serotonin and norepinephrine, or dopamine  Psychotherapy: "talk therapy”  cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)  interpersonal therapy (IPT)— (NIMH)

11. Think-Pair-Share:  Do you think those who are depressed are more likely to commit violent crimes? Why or why not?

12. Mental Health & Violence:

13. Risk Factors & Protective Factors Risk Factor: Any action or condition that increases the likelihood of injury, disease, or another negative outcome Protective Factor: Any action or condition that reduces a person’s potential for injury, disease, or another negative outcome

14. Depression: Risk & Protective Factors RISK FACTORSPROTECTIVE FACTORS

15. Big Question Can we predict who is likely to suffer from depression? Yes and No

16. Check your understanding:  Apply what you learned to create characters that illustrate the risk and protective factors for depression:  1) Write a 3-5 sentence scenario about a person who has at least THREE of the RISK FACTORS for depression:  2) Write a 3-5 sentence scenario about a person who has at least THREE of the PROTECTIVE FACTORS for depression:

17. Homework:  Find an article describing a study that was done to determine which factors are associated with depression. Then write a one paragraph description of the study.  Suggested sources: Science Daily Google Scholar News articles