1. Get out a piece of paper and answer these questions
Get out a piece of paper and answer these questions. Just write the answer
Where does 90% of the world population live?
Describe an urban area.
Why do most people move to cities?
What is the word for the spreading of ideas?
What is a site of innovation called?
What unites a group?
What is monotheism? Name a monotheistic religion.
What is polytheistic? Name a polytheistic religion.
What does representative democracy mean?
What type of economy is dependent on the market?

2. Human Geography: Elements of Culture
Learning Goals:
Explain different economic and government systems
Analyze major religions
Explain how urban areas develop

3. Population Geography

4. Population Distribution
Where are these people?
Not evenly spread out throughout the world. Almost 90% of the population lives in the Northern Hemisphere!
Why is this area well-suited for a large population?
More land
Climate is warm enough and wet enough to make agriculture possible!

5. Population Density: helps geographers understand how heavily populated an area is

6. Explain how urban areas develop…

7. Growth of Urban Areas
Today, much of the population of the world lives in cities.
Cities are often the birthplace of innovation and change within a society.

9. Urban Areas
Suburbs: the built-up area around the central city

10. People looking for work!!
Urbanization: the dramatic rise in the number of cities and the changes in lifestyle that result.
Why have cities grown over the past 2 centuries?
People looking for work!!

12. What is Culture? Education Security Language Gov't Food Friends/Family
The knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed on by the members of a specific group.
What do the following have in common?
We SHARE and BORROW from ALL cultures around the world!
Education
Security
Language
Gov't
Food
Friends/Family
Religion
Shelter
Relationships

13. More Words to help us understand Culture
Innovation –
taking existing
technology and resources
and creating
something new
Acculturation –
When society changes
because it accepts
or adopts an innovation
More Words to help us understand Culture
Cultural Hearth –
A site of innovation
From which basic ideas,
Materials, and
Technology diffuse to
Many cultures
Diffusion –
The spread of ideas,
inventions, or
patterns of
behavior

15. -What might be coming out of the “hearth” of Japan
-What might be coming out of the “hearth” of Japan? -What might be diffusing FROM Japan? -What might be diffusing TO Japan

16. Changing Culture? Slowly Rapidly
QUESTION: Does culture EVOLVE or remain the SAME?
ANSWER: Culture is ALWAYS changing!
Change can occur or
Slowly
Rapidly

17. Language Language helps to build cultural identity
Builds group identity and unity among those speaking the SAME language.
Impact of multiple languages within a culture:
Can lead to divisions among people
Ex: Canada (French and English)

18. Language How many languages are spoken throughout the world?
Between 3,000 and 6,500
What is the term for different versions of a language spoken within a culture?
DIALECT!
Examples: Southern drawl, Boston accent, and street slang

19. Types of Government
Representative Democracy: Citizens hold political power; “Rule by the People” (U.S.)
Monarchy: A ruling family, headed by a king or queen, holds political power (UK)
What is a constitutional monarchy?

20. Dictatorship: An individual or group holds COMPLETE political power (North Korea, Cuba)
Military dictatorship: where the government resides within the military.

21. Economic Systems Traditional: “Barter”; trade without use of money
Command: Government determines and owns all means of production
Market: “Capitalism”; based on Supply and Demand—consumers play large role
Mixed: Combination of command and market

22. Types of Religion Very influential in cultures TYPES OF RELIGION:
Monotheistic
Belief in one god
Polytheistic
Belief in many gods
Animistic
Belief in divine forces in nature
How religions spread throughout the world:
Religion spreads through diffusion and converts.

23. FAITH FOLLOWERS THROUGHOUT THE WORLD…
These are estimations!!

24. Religions and Region

25. Religions Judaism: Christianity:
Created (and mostly practiced) in Israel
Established more than 3,200 years ago
Oldest monotheistic religion
Basic laws & teachings come from Torah (Holy book)
Christianity:
Evolved from the teachings of Judaism (2,000 yrs. ago)
Monotheistic
Based on teachings of Jesus Christ (Son of God to Christians)
New Testament of Bible
Found on every continent
Groups: Roman Catholic, Protestant, Eastern Orthodox

26. Religions Islam: Based on teachings of Prophet Muhammad Monotheistic
God is Allah (Arabic)
Close ties to Judaism and Christianity
Holy Book = Qur’an
2 major divisions:
Sunni and Shiite
Hinduism:
One of the world’s oldest religions (dates back 5,000 years)
“Ethnic” religion (India)
Polytheistic
One or many gods represent an aspect of the divine spirit, Brahman
Includes a Caste system (shapes lives and culture)

27. Hindu Caste System

28. Religions
Buddhism:
Offshoot of Hinduism
Developed in India (563 B.C.)
Founder: Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha/Enlightened One)
Rejected Hindu caste system
Focused teachings on correct way to live to reach enlightened spiritual state called NIRVANA

31. Ted ED Religion Video