1. Unit 3: Unification and Imperialism

2. Nationalism and the Unification of Italy

3. Today’s Agenda
Standard: W.13 Summarize the causes, course, and consequences of unification in Italy including the role of Giuseppe Garibaldi
Objective: I can explain the events that led to the unification of Italy and the role of Italian nationalists including Mazzini, Cavour, and Garibaldi.
Bellwork
Video and Discussion
Notes
Who Done It? Activity
Discussion
Map Assignment

4. NOTES

5. What is Nationalism?
Nationalism – A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one’s country and/or people
What are some elements of nationalism? What are some elements that make up a nation?
Culture – Shared beliefs and a way of life creates a common bond
History – A shared past connects people as a group
Religion – A common religion helps unite people
Language – A common language is a key element of nationalism
Territory – A shared land gives people a sense of unity

6. Nationalism Develops When…
1. People become emotionally attached to the territory that they think of as home

7. Nationalism Develops When…
2. People identify themselves with the country’s past and future

8. Nationalism Develops When…
3. People speak the same language 4. People share culture (i.e. food, dress, etc.)

9. Nationalism Develops When…
5. Citizens work together for some kind of national cause Example: Independence

10. Types of Nationalist Moments
Characteristics
Examples
Unification
Mergers of politically divided but culturally similar lands
19th Century Germany
19th Century Italy
Separation
Culturally distinct group resists being added to a state or tries to break away
Greeks in the Ottoman Empire
State-Building
Culturally distinct groups form into a new state by accepting a single culture
The United States
Higher Order Question: How is state-building still taking place in the United States?
Answer: New immigrants adapting to U.S. Culture

11. Unification of Italy

12. Unification – the process of being united or made into a whole
What is Unification?
Unification – the process of being united or made into a whole
Merging Culturally Similar Land

13. Factors Against Unification
After the Congress of Vienna, Italy was broken into nine states.
Getting all of these states to agree would be difficult.
The Apennine Mountains run north and south, splitting the country in half.
The Po River runs east and west, splitting the country in half.
The Pope wanted to keep control of the Papal States.
Other European countries didn’t want to see a strong Italy.
This would upset the balance of power in Europe.
Why was Italy divided up like we saw on the map?

15. Factors For Unification
Nationalism
Country had come together in a war against Austria to get back the provinces she had taken in a previous war
Common History
Roman Empire
Birthplace of the Renaissance
This gave the Italians a sense of pride and accomplishment

16. Factors for Unification
B. Good Leadership
Giuseppe Mazzini
Camillo di Cavour
Giuseppe Garibaldi

17. Giuseppe Garibaldi The “Sword” of Italian Unification (The Fighter)
Organized the army called the Red Shirts to fight for unification
Painting: What symbols of Italian nationalism appear in the painting?
How does the painting show that Garibaldi used military tactics to help unify Italy?
Does the painting portray Garibaldi as a successful leader? If so, how?

18. Camillo di Cavour The “Brains” of Italian Unification
(The man with the plan)
Founded nationalist newspaper, Il Risorgimento
Formed alliances with France & Russia to drive Austria out of Italy
Success inspired other Italian kingdoms to rebel

19. Giuseppe Mazzini Known as the “Heart” of Italian Unification
(The Motivator)
Formed and organized Young Italy to motivate the people of Italy
Inspired nationalism in the people

20. United Italy
By 1871, all of the Italian states had unified to form one unified country called Italy.
Victor Emmanuel of Sardinia is crowned King
Rome becomes the new capital city