1. Forms of Communication
Caroline Rebecca. D

2. Verbal Communication
Non-verbal Communication

3. Verbal Communication
Verbal communication refers to the use of sounds and language to relay a message. It serves as a vehicle for expressing desires, ideas and concepts and is vital to the processes of learning and teaching

4. a) Oral/Spoken
Oral communication consists of all spoken exchanges. In oral communication, verbal feedback typically follows the initial message whether in the form of a question or comment.
• Casual conversations among friends as well as political debates fall into this category.

5. b)written
Another form of verbal communication which requires no speech. Written communication, while technically nonverbal, commonly falls under the umbrella of verbal communication for the use of words (language) to convey ideas. Books, letters, , texts, memos, magazines, newspapers and personal journals are all examples of verbal communication.

6. Formal Meeting strangers -Within a business or legal setting.
Official corporate communications such as
• meetings
• speeches
• conferences
• letters and
• Memorandums

7. Informal
Casual spoken and written exchanges. Informal conversations between : friends, co-workers and even strangers.
It requires a common bond; therefore, it takes place most frequently between close friends and family members.

8. Characteristics of Verbal Communication
Language is symbolic – By themselves, language elements usually have no meaning: the symbols are arbitrary(randomly selected).
Meanings are in people not in words.
Language is governed by rules
Phonological rules –govern how sounds are combined to form words
Semantic rules – define the meaning of specific words
Syntactic rules – govern the structure of the language, the way symbols can be arranged
Pragmatic rules – govern the appropriateness of words in given contexts

9. Functions of Verbal Communication
Verbal communication satisfies basic functions such as:
describing ideas
Making requests
solving problems
Verbal Communication shapes attitudes: attitudes towards others and ourselves.

10. Verbal Communication reflects our attitudes:
Power (feelings of control)
Affiliation (establishing relationships)
Attraction
Responsibility

11. Non-verbal Communication
Non-verbal communication refers to a wide array of behaviours by which we communicate messages without the use of the voice (McDermott, 2008).
Non-verbal communication is when information is transferred from sender to receiver without the use of words (Lord Et. Al., 2012).

12. The Characteristics of Non-verbal Communication
It exists
It has communicative value
It is primarily relational
It is ambiguous
It is culture –bound

13. Non - Verbal Communication
he most obvious non-verbal behaviours are seen in our:
Vocalics/paralanguage
Proxemics
Chronemics
Artefacts
Movement
Use of our five senses

14. Vocalics/ paralanguage
Refers to the use of:
volume
tone
pitch
rate of speaking to give additional meaning or emphasis to what is spoken.
Eg: Say “come here” using a variety of tone, volume and pitch to highlight different meanings.

15. Proxemics Refers to the use of space to convey an idea or image.
Our use of space or proximity is a significant indicator of how close or intimate we feel toward others.
Everyone observes the space around them, this is called personal space.
The concept of personal space is determined by cultures.
Eg: Eastern cultures: a kiss on the cheek is a common form of greeting
Western cultures: a handshake is the common form of greeting.

16. Chromatics
This is the use of and attitude to time which discloses information about:
our status
relationship with others
our self-concept

17. Being late for appointments duties and responsibilities is almost always read as a sign of
disrespect or
lack of commitment.

18. To be punctual suggests that one is: focused on and committed to the task at hand, or that one respects those with whom one is meeting.

19. Artifacts
The things we own, use, wear and even discard all convey messages about us:
Our preferences
Tastes
Resources
Or lack of resources

20. Movement Posture Gestures Facial expressions and
Body language are perhaps the most obvious in communicating messages about our attitudes and feelings.

21. Thank you