Take out your Reference packet and paper to take notes

Take out your Reference packet and paper to take notes
Propositum: DWBAT decline nouns and conjugate verbs in the present and perfect systems and translate according to tense STATIM: Take out your Reference packet and paper to take notes Copy down the following vocabulary words into your notes: amō, amāre, amāvī, amātus to love petō, petere, petivī, petitus to seek, look for cognscō, cognoscere, cognovī, cognitus to understand, recognize audiō, audīre, audivī, audītus to hear inveniō, invenīre, invēnī, inventus to find, discover PENSUM II: Visit my website for today’s PowerPoint and handouts:  Latin 2 Summer School 2. Complete handout 7/12/14

What is morphology? Unlike in English, Latin changes the forms (beginnings, middles, and endings) of words to show how they should be translated How do the following words change in Latin? What do those changes represent? I love (amō) vs. you love (amās) I love (amō) vs. I will love (amābō) I love (amō) vs. I loved (amāvī) friend (amīcus) vs. friend’s (amīcī) The study of how and when words change (or morph) to show different variations of meaning is morphology

What is morphology? Today we will study morphology for nouns and verbs
Nouns are grouped into ‘declensions’ and verbs are grouped into ‘conjugations’. Declensions and conjugations are just ways of grouping words based on similarities in their morphologies (ex. all 1st declension nouns change to end in –am in the accusative singular) Based on what declension a noun belongs to or conjugation a verb belongs to, you will know what morphological changes will happen to that noun. There are set patterns for every group.

Determining Declension Number A noun’s declension number can be determined from its __________ singular ending. genitive -ae -ī -is -ūs -ei

Once a noun’s declension is known, we then know what set of endings that noun may have. That set of endings is added to the stem of that noun. The stem of a noun is determined by removing the singular ending from the singular form of the word. Ex. puella, puellae f. girl This noun is a 1st declension noun because it’s genitive singular ending is -ae. It’s stem is puell- (genitive singular form “puellae” - gen. sg. ending “-ae” = puell-) To decline it, add 1st declension endings (-a, -ae, -ae, -am, -ā, -ae, -ārum, -īs, -ās, -īs) genitive genitive

1st Declension fortūna, fortūnae f. fortune, fate
fortunae fortunārum fortunae fortunīs fortunam fortunās fortunā fortunīs

2nd Declension vir, virī m. man
virōrum virō virīs virum virōs virō virīs

Neuter Rule For a neuter noun of ANY declension, the singular is identical to the singular and the plural and the plural end in the letter ‘___’. nominative accusative nominative accusative a

2nd Declension rēgnum, rēgnī n. kingdom
rēgna rēgnī rēgnōrum rēgnō rēgnīs rēgnum rēgna rēgnō rēgnīs

3rd Declension rēx, rēgis m. king
rēgēs rēgis rēgum rēgibus rēgī rēgem rēgēs rēge rēgibus

4th Declension senātus, senātūs m. senate
senātuus senātuī senātibus senātum senātūs senātū senātibus

5th Declension rēs, reī m. thing, situation
rērum reī rēbus rem rēs rē rēbus

Exerceāmus! insula, insulae f. island 1st insul- diēs, diēī m. day
Declension number: _____ Noun stem: Genitive singular form: Translation: diēs, diēī m. day Accusative plural form: exercitus, exercitūs m. army Dative plural form: 1st insul- insulae of the island 5th di- diēs days 4th exercit- exercitibus to/for the armies

Complete the following in your notes
agricola, agricolae m. farmer Declension number: _____ Noun stem: Dative plural form: Translation: bellum, bellī n. war Accusative plural form: corpus, corporis n. body Dative singular form:

PRESENT SYSTEM The tenses in the present system include the present, the future, and the imperfect. These tenses belong to what is known as the ‘present system’ because they are all formed using the Present Stem of a verb. Most verbs have 4 principal parts. The Present Stem comes from the 2nd principal part of a verb. Ex. dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dīctus to say, tell

CONJUGATION NUMBER -āre -ēre -ere -īre

PRESENT STEM laudā- habē- capi- audī-

PRESENT ACTIVE PERSONAL ENDINGS (PAP)
-ō -s -t -mus -tis -(u)nt

1) habeō, habēre, habuī, habitus to have Conjugation number: ______
2nd I have habeō habēs you have habet he/she/it has habēmus we have habētis you all have habent they have

II. Translate the following forms into either Latin or English
amās inveniunt petimus audiō putātis you hold we understand they desire you all run I respond you love they find we attack/seek I hear you all think tenēs/habēs intellegimus cupiunt curritis respondeō

IMPERFECT TENSE FORMATION = 1st and 2nd conjug. = Present Stem + bā + PAP 3rd, 3rd -io and 4th conjug. = Present Stem + ēbā + PAP Exceptions: The 1st person singular ending is ‘m’ instead of ‘ō’ For 3rd reg. conjug. verbs, drop the ‘i’ from the Present Stem (Ex. duci - i = duc-) Translation = was/were _____ing or used to ______

IMPERFECT

FUTURE TENSE FORMATION = 1st and 2nd conjug. = Present Stem + bi + PAP (*1st sg. = -bō) 3rd, 3rd -io and 4th conjug. = Present Stem + ē + PAP Exceptions: For 3rd, 3rd -io and 4th conjugations, the 1st person singular ending is ‘am’ instead of ‘ō’ For 3rd reg. conjug. verbs, drop the ‘i’ from the Present Stem (Ex. duci - i = duc-) Translation = will ______

FUTURE

PERFECT SYSTEM The tenses in the perfect system include the perfect, the pluperfect, and the future perfect. These tenses belong to what is known as the ‘perfect system’ because they are all formed using the Perfect Stem of a verb, coming from the 3rd principal part. Ex. dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dīctus: to say, tell The Perfect Stem comes from removing the “___” from the 3rd principal part.

Perfect Personal Endings These endings correspond to the same persons and numbers, and have the same translations, as the Present Personal Endings, but are used only for perfect tenses.

PERFECT TENSE FORMATION = Perfect Stem + Perfect Personal Endings
FORMATION = Perfect Stem + Perfect Personal Endings There are NO exceptions to this rule. Translation = ed, or the simple past tense translation of any verb

PERFECT 2) inveniō, invenīre, invēnī, inventus to find, discover
Conjugation number: ______

PLUPERFECT TENSE FORMATION = Perfect Stem + Imperfect tense of sum, esse There are NO exceptions to this rule. Translation = had______-ed, had been _______-ing

PLUPERFECT

FUTURE PERFECT Formation Perfect Stem + Future tense of sum, esse
There are NO exceptions to this rule. *The 3rd person plural form of sum, esse in the future tense is actually erunt, but the future perfect tense uses erint to distinguish this ending from the one used for the perfect tense (ērunt) Translation = will have ______-ed

FUTURE PERFECT

Take out your Reference packet and paper to take notes
Propositum: DWBAT conjugate verbs in the present and perfect systems in the passive voice STATIM: Take out your Reference packet and paper to take notes Take out a pen to correct your HW PENSUM II: Visit my website for today’s PowerPoint and handouts:  Latin 2 Summer School 2. Study for quiz 7/13/14

PENSUM II corpus, corporis n.: body Declension number: Noun stem: 3rd
corpora corporis corporum corporibus corporī corpora corpus corpore corporibus

PENSUM II metus, metūs m.: fear Declension number: Noun stem: 4th met-
metuum metuī metibus metum metūs metū metibus

PENSUM II dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, dūctus to lead in 3rd person pl.
Conjugation number: 3rd they lead dūcunt dūcēbant they were leading dūcent they will lead dūxērunt they led dūxerant they had led dūxerint they will have led

PENSUM II putō, putāre, putāvī, putātus to think in 3rd person pl.
Conjugation number: 1st they think putant putābant they were thinking putābunt they will think putāvērunt they thought putāverant they had thought putāverint they will have thought

COTIDIANA I (5 min) On your morphology sheet-
Decline the noun amor, amoris m. love Conjugate the verb do, dare, dedī, datus to give in the 3rd person singular When you are done, raise your hand and I will collect your quiz Then take out paper to take notes

There are 3 main components that are used to describe the various features of a verb…
1. Tense: describes the _______________ when a verb occurs ______________________ = I praise, I am praising, I do praise ______________________ = I will praise ______________________ = I have praised, I praised, I did praise ______________________ = I used to praise, I was praising ______________________ = I had praised ______________________ = I will have praised TIME present future perfect imperfect pluperfect future perfect

There are 3 main components that are used to describe the various features of a verb…
2. Mood: describes the way a verb is conceived or thought of ______________________ = verbs that are certain (did, do, will happen) ______________________ = commands and orders ______________________ = verbs that are uncertain (may/could/would/should/might happen) indicative imperative subjunctive

______________________ = subject is doing the action of the verb
There are 3 main components that are used to describe the various features of a verb… 3. VOICE: describes whether the action is being done ________ the subject or ________ the subject ______________________ = subject is doing the action of the verb ______________________ = subject is receiving the action of the verb BY TO ACTIVE PASSIVE ACTIVE = I eat pizza PASSIVE = Pizza is eaten by me

The war had been waged by both the Greeks and the Trojans for ten years ...
This is a PASSIVE sentence because the subject receives the action of the verb, rather thand doing it. ... and neither side had gained the upper hand. This is an ACTIVE sentence because the subject is doing the action of the verb.

Odysseus was valued by his fellow soldiers for his wit and eloquence,
This is a PASSIVE sentence because the subject receives the action of the verb, rather thand doing it. although he was not as fast as Achilles or as strong as Ajax. This is an ACTIVE sentence because the subject is doing the action of the verb.

Several boxes are bought by Martha.
Martha buys several boxes. They were being confronted by a stranger on the street. I hate grammatically incorrect sentences! We will punch holes in this paper. The battle was already won by our enemies. ACTIVE Several boxes are bought by Martha. PASSIVE A stranger was confronting them on the street. ACTIVE Grammatically incorrect sentences are hated by me! ACTIVE Holes will be punched by us in this paper. PASSIVE Our enemies already won the battle.

Ablative of Agent vs. Ablative of Means
living things Use Ablative of Agent with ___________________ and Ablative of Means with ___________________ Ablative of Agent = ā/ab + abl. = by _____________ Ex. ā virīs = by the men Ablative of Means = noun in the ablative case (NO preposition) Ex. flammā = by/with a flame non-living things

ABLATIVE OF AGENT / ABLATIVE OF MEANS ABLATIVE NOUN = TRANSLATION =
Ulixes ā Graecīs mīlitibus ob leporem et eloquentiam cognoscitur. ABLATIVE OF AGENT / ABLATIVE OF MEANS ABLATIVE NOUN = TRANSLATION = Graecīs mīlitibus Odysseus is recognized by the Greek soldiers on account of his wit and eloquence.

post multōs annōs bellum nōn ā Troianīs aut Graecīs vincēbātur. ABLATIVE OF AGENT / ABLATIVE OF MEANS ABLATIVE NOUN = TRANSLATION = Troianīs aut Graecīs The war was not being won by the Trojans or the Greeks after many years

nec potestāte Troianōrum nec sapientiā Graecōrum magnum bellum nōn desinitur. ABLATIVE OF AGENT / ABLATIVE OF MEANS ABLATIVE NOUN = TRANSLATION = potestāte ... sapientiā The great is ended neither by the power of the Trojans nor by the wisdom of the Greeks.

“sī consilium nōn mutāmus, mox magnō numerō Troianōrum militum obruēmur,” amīcīs Ulixes dīcit. ABLATIVE OF AGENT / ABLATIVE OF MEANS ABLATIVE NOUN = TRANSLATION = magnō numerō “If we do not change our plan, soon we will be overwhelmed by the great number of Trojans,” Odysseus says to his friends.

VOICE: Active vs. Passive
Present Tense Active = he/she/it praises (laudat) Passive = __________________________ Future Tense Active = he/she/it will be praised (laudābit) Imperfect Tense Active = he/she/it was praising, used to praise (laudābat) he/she/it is praised he/she/it will be praised he/she/it was being praised, used to be praised

Perfect Tense Active = he/she/it praised (laudāvit) Passive = __________________________ Pluperfect Tense Active = he/she/it had praised (laudāverat) Future Perfect Tense Active = he/she/it will have praised (laudāverit) he/she/it was praised he/she/it had been praised he/she/it will have been praised

ONLY __________________________ verbs, or verbs that take direct objects, can be made passive Ex. I praise the student  The student is praised by me Intransitive verbs do NOT take direct objects and CANNOT be made passive Ex. I run  I am ran (BAD!!!!!) transitive

Active to Passive Changes in Latin
Ablative (of Agent/Means) Subject (nominative) Passive verb ENGLISH ACTIVE: Fire destroys the city. PASSIVE: The city is destroyed by fire. LATIN ACTIVE: ignis urbem dēlet. PASSIVE: urbs igne dēlētur.

Passive Voice Verbs PRESENT TENSE:
The general formula for forming the present tense is: [PRESENT STEM] + [PPE] PPE = Passive Personal Endings (-r/or, -ris, -tur, -mur, -minī, -ntur)

Present Tense audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītus to hear Present stem:
I am heard audior audīris you are heard auditur she is heard audīmur we are heard audīmini you all are heard audiuntur we are heard

Conjugating the Passive Present Tense
LATIN ENGLISH 1st person 2nd person 3rd person I am called We are called vocor vocāmur You are called You all are called vocāris vocāminī You are called They are called vocātur vocantur

Passive Voice Verbs IMPERFECT TENSE:
The general formula for forming the imperfect tense is: [PRESENT STEM] + [-bā/ēbā- infix] + [PPE] EXCEPTIONS apply. See prior Study Guides for details. audīēbātur she was being heard

Passive Voice Verbs FUTURE TENSE:
The general formula for forming the future tense is: In the 1st and 2nd conjugations [PRESENT STEM] + [-bi- infix] + [PPE] In the 3rd, 3rd-io, and 4th conjugations [PRESENT STEM] + [-ē- infix] + [PPE] EXCEPTIONS apply. See prior Study Guides for details. audiētur she will be heard

Passive Voice Verbs PERFECT TENSE:
The formula for forming the perfect tense is: [4th PP] + [Present tense of sum, esse (sum, es, est, sumus, estis, sunt)] audīta est she was heard

Passive Voice Verbs PLUPERFECT TENSE:
The formula for forming the pluperfect tense is: [4th PP] + [Imperfect tense of sum, esse (eram, eras, erat, eramus, eratis, erant)] audita erat she had been heard

Passive Voice Verbs FUTURE PERFECT TENSE:
The formula for forming the future perfect tense is: [4th PP] + [Future tense of sum, esse (erō, eris, erit, erimus, eritis, erunt)] audita erit she will have been heard

COTIDIANA PRACTICE: Passive Voice
signō deōrum Romulus rēgere urbem electus est. Case and function of signō (4 pts.): Tense, person, number, and voice of electus est (4 pts.): Translation (10 pts.): Switch voice in English (2 pts.) Re-write the sentence in Latin (5 pts.): Ablative of Means perfect, 3rd, sing., passive Romulus was chosen to rule the city by a sign of the gods A sign of the gods chose Romulus to rule the city signum deōrum Romulum rēgere urbem elēgit. signum, -ī n. sign rēgō, rēgere, rēxī, rectus to rule urbs, urbis f. city eligō, eligere, elēgī, electus to choose, elect

Perfect Passive Participles
Formula: P.P.P = 4th Principal Part with 1st/ 2nd Declension Endings mittō, mittere, misī, missus (to send) including the M., F., N. endings below:

What is it anyway? It’s perfect… It’s passive… It’s a participle…
How do we translate the perfect? (they conquer) “they conquered, they did conquer, they have conquered” It’s passive… How do we translate the passive voice? How do we translate a passive verb in the perfect? “they have been conquered” It’s a participle… How do we translate participles? How do we translate a participle passively in the perfect? “(they) having been conquered”

What are kinds of words are participles?
They are (this part of speech) made from (this part of speech) Adjectives and verbs  verbal adjectives If they are adjectives, then they must AGREE with the nouns they modify in GNC What declension of adjective are they? Look at the 4th principle part of a verb to find out vincō, vincere, vīcī, vīctus

What Are Participles? Participles are _______________. Therefore they agree with the noun they modify in __________, ____________, and __________ Participles and they words they modify together form a _____________________ Verbal Adjectives Gender Number Case Participial Phrase

For regular verbs, it is the ___ principal part. e.g. videō, vidēre, vīdī, _____ For deponent verbs it is part of the ____ principal part. e.g. loquor, loquī , ______ sum 4th VISUS 3rd LOCUTUS

All PPP have stems ending in ____ or _____ (or –x-) and have the endings of the ____ and ____ declensions. The literal translation of PPP is _______________, e.g. puella amāta _____________. You can also translate the PPP as an adjective, e.g. comitēs vocātī _________________ -S- -T- 1ST 2ND HAVING BEEN ______ED THE GIRL HAVING BEEN LOVED THE SUMMONED COMPANIONS

How would we translate the following phrases?
Caesar vinctus Caesar (having been) conquered) Roma vincta Roma (having been) conquered Animal vinctum The animal (having been) conquered Hostēs vinctī The enemies (having been) conquered

How would we agree vinctus with the following nouns?
The people (having been) conquered Populus vinctus Life (having been) conquered Vita vincta Wine (having been) conquered Vinum vinctum The times (having been) conquered Tempora vincta

Translating Perfect Passive Participles
missus = Literal/Participial: having been sent Relative: who was/ had been sent Temporal: after (subject) was/ had been sent Causal: because (subject) was/ had been sent Adversative: although (subject) was/ had been sent

ianuae ā multis populīs clausae omnēs domōs offirmāvērunt
Literal- The doors, having been closed by many people, locked all the houses Relative- The doors, which had been closed by many people, locked all the houses TEMPORAL- The doors, WHEN they had been closed by many people, locked all the houses CONCESSIVE- The doors, ALTHOUGH they had been closed by many people, locked all the houses CAUSAL- The doors, SINCE they had been closed by many people, locked all the houses

moveō, movēre, movī, motus to move
you all are moved you all move movēminī movētis you all were being moved movēbātis movēbāminī you all will be moved movēbiminī movēbitis you all will move you all were moved mōvistis you all moved you all had moved you all had been moved mōtī eratis you all will have moved mōtī eritis mōveritis to move movērī to be moved movēte! movēminī! Be moved! Move!

Take out a piece of paper for your COTIDIANA
Propositum: DWBAT conjugate verbs in the present tense subjunctive mood STATIM: Take out a piece of paper for your COTIDIANA Label it with COTIDIANA 2, your name, the date, and Latin II Summer Session PENSUM III: Translate lines 2. Study for quiz 7/14/14

COTIDIANA II: Passive Voice
morte patris Iuppiter rēgere rēgnum deōrum electus erat. Case and function of morte (2 pts.): Tense of electus erat (1 pts.): Translation (10 pts.): Switch voice in English (2 pts.) Re-write the sentence in Latin (5 pts.): mors,mortis f. death eligō, eligere, elēgī, electus to choose, select Iuppiter, Iovis m. Jupiter

Mood The Mood of a verb tells you mode or manner in which the verb is expressed to the reader/listener. You are already familiar with two of the three Latin moods, the INDICATIVE, which “indicates” real actions that definitely have occurred in the past, or are occurring in the present, or that likely will occur in the future, and the IMPERATIVE, which commands someone to undertake and action that is not yet going on. Ex. the MOOD of amābāmus is indicative, because it indicates that we are in fact loving someone/thing now in present time, in actuality

The SUBJUNCTIVE mood, in contrast to the indicative (which is the mood of factuality and actuality), is the mood of potential, tentative, hypothetical, ideal, or sometimes unreal, action. In English, the subjunctive is expressed by adding helping words to verb forms, like “were”, “would” to indicate actions that are hypothetical, or “might”, “may”, “should”, “may have”, and “would have” to express potential or ideal actions Ex. “If I were queen of the world, I would end hunger and poverty…” (but in reality, I’m not) “I should leave at 4, if I am going to get to this appointment on time…” (but in reality, I may not) “I might see you later, if I don’t have too much homework to do…” (but in reality, I might not)

Each different type of subjunctive verb will use a different helping word in it’s translation, depending on what kind of potential action that subjunctive is trying to express The subjunctive verb forms themselves in Latin, however, are all the same. Today we will learn the forms for the PRESENT TENSE only

How does the SUBJUNCTIVE form differ from the indicative form for the 1st conjugation?
‘e’ instead of ‘a’ in present stem

How does the SUBJUNCTIVE form differ from the indicative form for the 2nd conjugation?
‘ea’ instead of ‘ē’ in present stem

How does the SUBJUNCTIVE form differ from the indicative form for the 3rd conjugation?
‘a’ instead of ‘i’ in present stem

How does the SUBJUNCTIVE form differ from the indicative form for the 3rd –io and 4th conjugations?
‘ia’ instead of ‘i’ in present stem

You can also use this helpful acronym to remember the subjunctive changes for the present tense
She wears a diamond __ __ __ __ We beat a liar 1st 2nd 3rd 3rd –io and 4th

Vocabulary Use your notes, prior knowledge, and your group mates to write the definitions and conjugations for the verbs amō, amāre, amāvī, amātus-_________________ Conjugation- __________ audiō, audīre, audīvī, audītus- ______________ Conjugation- __________ caedo, caedere, cecidī, caesus-________________ Conjugation- __________ capiō, capere, cepī, captus-__________________ Conjugation- __________ dō, dāre, dedī, datus- __________________ Conjugation- __________ hortor, hortārī, hortatus sum- _________________ Conjugation- __________ iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussus- ________________ Conjugation- __________ loquor, loquī, locūtus sum- _________________ Conjugation- __________ sequor, sequī, secutus sum- _______________ Conjugation- __________

Exercitatio Directions: Identify the person and number for each verb
Exercitatio Directions: Identify the person and number for each verb. Then, change the mood of the verb from indicative to subjunctive or vice versa, keeping the person, number, and voice the same. Then translate the subjunctive verb we could encourage hortemur 1st pl. we encourage iubēmus 1st pl. we may order we order sequāminī 2nd pl. y’all might follow 3rd pl. audiant they should hear 2nd sg. das you could give 3rd sg. loquātur he could say 1st sg. capiō I could take 3rd pl. caedantur they may be killed 2nd sg. amāris ameris you could be loved

Define the vocabulary words and list their conjugations
teneō, tenēre, tenuī, tentus- ____________ Conjugation- __________ necō, necāre, necāvī, necātus- ____________ Conjugation- __________ videō, vidēre, vidī, visus-__________ Conjugation- __________ veniō, venīre, vēnī, venturus*-_________ Conjugation- __________ gradior, gradī, gressus sum-_____________ Conjugation- __________ orior, orīrī, ortus sum-___________ Conjugation- __________ to have 2nd to kill 1st to see 2nd to arrive, come 4th to walk, travel 3rd -io 4th to rise

STATIM Directions: Identify whether each verb is INDICATIVE or SUBJUNCTIVE. Then, change it to form the other mood, keeping the person, number, and voice the same. tenētis teneatis SUBJUNCTIVE/INDICATIVE Other mood-_____________ 2. necāntur SUBJUNCTIVE/INDICATIVE Other mood-_____________ 3. vides SUBJUNCTIVE/INDICATIVE Other mood-________________ 4. veniō SUBJUNCTIVE/INDICATIVE Other mood-________________ 5. gradiamur SUBJUNCTIVE/INDICATIVE Other mood-_____________ 6. oriantur SUBJUNCTIVE/INDICATIVE Other mood-_____________ necentur videās veniam gradimur oriuntur

Independent Uses of the Subjunctive Potential Subjunctives
An independent subjunctive is a subjunctive verb that is the only finite verb of a clause. The potential usage of the subjunctive is used to express an action that might possibly or conceivably occur. We translate potential subjunctives using the words “would”, “could”, “might”, or “may” dīcās eum hominem bonum esse. You that he is a good man; you that he is a good man; you that he is a good man. might say could say would say

EXERCITATIO (pg. 6) nympha amet Phoebum sī is sagittā Cupidinis nōn fīgitur. serpentem tumidum ille deus flectō arcū vīncat, nisī deus amōre vincitur. Daphnē cupiat esse virgō semper, sī potest. The nymph could love Apollo if he is not pierced by Cupid’s arrow. That god could defeat the violent serpent with a bent bow, if the god is not conquered by love. Daphne might want to be a virgin forever, if she is able.

Narcissus in silvīs vagābātur et putat: ‘cervum capiam!’
STATIM Directions: Annotate and translate the following sentences. Double underline the potential subjunctive verbs. Narcissus in silvīs vagābātur et putat: ‘cervum capiam!’ 2. vīsus est ab Ēchōne, quae putat: ‘maneas mēcum!’ Narcissus was wandering in the woods and thinks: ‘I could capture a deer!’ He was seen by Echo, who thinks: ‘you should stay with me!’

MEDITATIO (pg. 7) 5. Filius Veneris huic dīxit, “figat tuus omnia, Phoebe, tē meus arcus.” main verb-________ SUBJUNCTIVE/ INDICATIVE Translation-____________________________________________________________________________ figat figat The son of Venus spoke to this (god), “Your (bow) could pierce everything, Apollo, (but) my bow (could pierce) you”

labyrinthus Theseus et Minotaurus

Daedalus et Icarus

STATIM Fill in the following blanks about the mythological context of the story of Daedalus and Icarus As he ascended to the throne, King Minos of Crete was sent a beautiful bull from the god ________ as a sign of support. Rather than killing the bull as a sacrifice, Minos decided to keep it. As punishment, his _____, Pasiphae, was punished by being forced to fall in love and mate with the bull. The offspring of their relationship was called the ___________. In order to cage the ferocious beast, King Minos instructed his loyal architect, __________, (whose name means “________” in Latin), to build a maze in which it would live Every year 7 ______ and ______ were chosen by lottery to be sent into the labyrinth and given up to the will of the beast A young hero named _________, however, was able to finally slay the beast with the help of Ariadne who held a __________ at the entrance of the maze while he wandered the labyrinth holding onto the other end As punishment and to prevent knowledge of his failed design from spreading, the architect was sentenced to be locked up in a tower on the island of Crete. Longing for his home, he devised a plan of escape for himself and his son, _________ Poseidon wife Minotaur Daedalus skillful boys girls Theseus ball of thread Icarus

Annotation and Mapping
183 Daedalus intereā Crētēn longumque perōsus exilium tactusque locī nātālis amōre clausus erat pelagō. “terrās licet” inquit “et undās obstruat: et caelum certē patet; ībimus illāc: omnia possideat: nōn possidet āëra Mīnos.”

Classwork By yourself or with a person sitting next to you, translate lines If you do not finish your translation in class, you will finish for HW

Propositum: DWBAT translate comparative and superlative adjectives
STATIM: Take out a piece of paper for your COTIDIANA Label it with COTIDIANA 3, your name, the date, and Latin II Summer Session When you are done, take out your HW for correction PENSUM IV: Translate through line 190 2. Study for quiz 7/18/14

COTIDIANA III – Present Subjunctives
Directions: Translate the following Latin sentence. Double underline the subjunctive verb 1. quod in exiliō nōn vivere cupivit, Daedalus fīliō dīxit: “rex omnia possideat, nōn caelum possidet” subjunctive verb: Translation: Vocabulary quod because exilium, -ī n. exile vivō, vivere, vixī, victus to live omnis, -is, -e all caelum, -ī n. sky possideō, possidēre, possedī, possessus to control, possess

Translation 183 Daedalus intereā Crētēn longumque perōsus exilium tactusque locī nātālis amōre clausus erat pelagō. “terrās licet” inquit “et undās obstruat: et caelum certē patet; ībimus illāc: omnia possideat: nōn possidet āëra Mīnos.” Meanwhile Daedalus, who was hating his long exile on Crete and was touched by a love of (for) (his) birth place, had been closed in by the sea. “Although he may barricade the lands and seas: still surely the sky lies open,” he said, “we will go that way: he might possess everything: (but) Minos does not possess (control) the skies.”

Degrees of Adjectives Positive Degree: _______________________________________________________________________ translated as the basic definition of the adjective ex. Gaius is a young man. denotes a quality of a noun

Degrees of Adjectives Comparative Degree: _________________________________________________________________ usually translated into English by adding the suffix “________” to the end of the adjective; otherwise by adding the word “ _____________”. If not being used to directly compare two nouns, translated as “____________” ex. Gaius was younger and more energetic than his brother, Tiberius. Gaius was rather young and energetic. denotes a greater degree of a quality of a noun -er more rather

Degrees of Adjectives Superlative Degree: ___________________________________________________________________ usually translated into English by adding the suffix “________” to the end of the adjective; otherwise by adding the word “ _____________” ex. Gaius was the youngest and most influential orator in Rome at this time. denotes the greatest degree of a quality of a noun -est most

Comparative Adjectives
Formula: STEM _________ (Gen Sing - Ending) + -ior, iōr- + ___ decl. endings Exception: Neuter Nominative and Accusative Singular = STEM + -ius nota bene: the 3rd declension endings are NOT i-stem (e.g. ablative singular = -e) these 3rd declension endings are added on to any adjective of any declension (2-1-2 adjectives or 3rd declension adjectives) of adjective 3rd

Decline celer, celeris, celere quick in the comparative:
Case Masculine, Feminine Neuter Nominative sing. celerior celerius Genitive sing. celeriōris Dative sing. Accusative sing. Ablative sing. Nominative pl. Genitive pl. Dative pl. Accusative pl. Ablative pl. celeriorī celeriorī celeriorem celerius celeriore celeriore celeriorēs celeriora celeriorum celeriorum celerioribus celerioribus celeriorēs celeriora celerioribus celerioribus

Superlative Adjectives
Formula: STEM ______________ (Gen Sing - Ending) + -issim- + -us, -a, -um -us = masculine adjectives will decline with 2nd declension endings; -a = feminine adjectives will decline with 1st declension endings; -um = neuter adjectives will decline with 2nd declension neuter endings. Exceptions: If the stem of the positive-degree adjective ends in -l or -r, replace -issim- with -illim- and -irrim-, respectively. ex. similis, simile (similar) = simillimus, -a, -um (most similar) ex. celer, celeris, celere (quick) = celerrimus, -a, -um (quickest) of adjective

Decline potēns, potentis powerful in the superlative:
Case Masculine Feminine Neuter Nominative sing. potentissimus potentissima potentissimum Genitive sing. Dative sing. Accusative sing. Ablative sing. Nominative pl. Genitive pl. Dative pl. Accusative pl. Ablative pl. potentissimī potentissimae potentissimī potentissimō potentissimae potentissimō potentissimum potentissimam potentissimum potentissimō potentissimā potentissimō potentissimī potentissimae potentissima potentissimōrum potentissimārum potentissimōrum potentissimīs potentissimīs potentissimīs potentissimōs potentissimās potentissima potentissimīs potentissimīs potentissimīs

Comparisons with QUAM This man is braver than that boy
Comparative adjectives provide a comparison between objects. One way Latin compares things is by joining them using quam than. /1/ hīc vir est fortior quam ille puer /2/ urbem pulchriōrem quam nostram urbem numquam inveniēmus What do you notice about the case of the nouns being compared? This man is braver than that boy We will never find a city more beautiful than our city

Comparisons with the Ablative Case
Another way Latin compares things is to put the second item in the ABLATIVE case. Quam is not used and there NO prepositions preceding the ablative. /1/ hīc est fortior illō puerō /2/ urbem pulchriōrem nostrā urbe numquam inveniēmus N.B. The ablative of comparison may ONLY be used if the first item being compared is in the nominative or accusative case

STATIM positive comparative superlative definition more ___ ___-er
The three degrees of adjectives are called , , and Positive adjectives are translated as the of the adjective Comparative adjectives are translated as or Superlative adjectives are translated as In Latin, comparative adjectives are formed by adding the infix - to the of an adjective and then adding declension endings In Latin, comparisons using comparative adjectives can be created in two different ways: Using the word and nouns in the same Using the case of the noun being compared to superlative definition more ___ ___-er most _____ -ior/-ius stem 3rd case quam ablative

Declension with comparatives
potentiōrēs artēs potentiōris artis potentiōrum artium potentiōrī artī potentiōribus artibus potentiōrem artem potentiōrēs artēs potentiōre arte potentiōribus artibus

Declension with comparatives
maiōra consilia maiōris consiliī maiōrum consiliōrum maiōrī consiliō maiōribus consiliīs maius consilium maiōra consilia maiōribus consiliīs maiōre consiliō

REVIEW /1/ Ianthe, quae Iphī dēsponsa erat, nōn pulchrior quam Iphis fuit. Comp. Adj. __________ G___ N___ C___ Compared Noun _____________ Translation ________________________________________________________________________

REVIEW /2/ insigniīs in somniō visīs, Telethusa crēdit Īsidem fidēliōrem alterīs omnibus deīs esse. Comp. Adj. __________ G___ N___ C___ Compared Noun _____________ Translation ________________________________________________________________________

Annotation and Practical Mapping
188 dīxit et ignōtās animum dīmittit in artēs 189 natūramque novat. nam pōnit in ordine pennās 190 ā minimā coeptās, longam breviōre sequenti, 191 ut clīvō crēvisse putēs:

Classwork By yourself or with a person sitting next to you, translate line 190 If you do not finish your translation in class, you will finish for HW

188 dīxit et ignōtās animum dīmittit in artēs 189 natūramque novat. nam pōnit in ordine pennās 190 ā minimā coeptās, longam breviōre sequenti, 191 ut clīvō crēvisse putēs: he spoke and directed (his) mind into (towards) unknown arts and changed (his) nature. For he placed wings in order having been begun (beginning) from the smallest , with the shorter (one) following the long(er), so that you might think that (they) grew on a slope.

Propositum: DWBAT translate indirect speech and ut clauses.
STATIM: Take out a piece of paper for your COTIDIANA Label it with COTIDIANA 4, your name, the date, and Latin II Summer Session When you are done, take out your HW for correction PENSUM IV: Translate through avēs on line 195 2. Study for Cotidiana 5 7/19/14

COTIDIANA IV – Comparative & Superlative Adjectives
Directions: Change each adjective to the degree indicated, keeping gender, number, and case the same. You MAY USE your vocabulary list: 1. breviora > make superlative 2. ignotās > make comparative 3. certius > make positive 4. longissimōrum > make comparative 5. natalibus > make comparative

188 dīxit et ignōtās animum dīmittit in artēs 189 natūramque novat. nam pōnit in ordine pennās 190 ā minimā coeptās, longam breviōre sequenti, he spoke and directed (his) mind into (towards) unknown arts and changed (his) nature. For he placed wings in order having been begun (beginning) from the smallest , with the shorter (one) following the long(er),

188 dīxit et ignōtās animum dīmittit in artēs 189 natūramque novat. nam pōnit in ordine pennās 190 ā minimā coeptās, longam breviōre sequenti, 191 ut clīvō crēvisse putēs: he spoke and directed (his) mind into (towards) unknown arts and changed (his) nature. For he placed wings in order having been begun (beginning) from the smallest , with the shorter (one) following the long(er), so that you might think that (they) grew on a slope.

Indirect Speech Indirect speech is an extremely common and important form of subordinate clause that appears in Latin. It is used to represent what a person or character thinks, sees, feels, or reports about something, AS OPPOSED to a direct statement. e.g. She noticed that the sky was blue.

Recognizing Indirect Speech
that In English, we always use the word _______ to indicate that we are beginning indirect speech. Indirect speech is always set up by a verb that indicates some kind of mental observation – thinking, seeing, hearing, noticing, understanding, smelling, tasting, etc. e.g. we noticed THAT she was smart he smelled THAT a campfire was near they reported THAT the enemies were close by you learned THAT indirect speech is great All of these types of verbs are called HEAD verbs – they all happen somewhere in the human head.

Indirect Speech in Latin
Indirect Speech in Latin is always set up by a head verb, just like in English Latin does NOT use a word like “that” to indicate that indirect speech has begun. Latin substitutes an infinitive for the main verb inside the indirect speech. Latin substitutes an accusative noun for the subject of that infinitive inside the indirect speech. Let’s look at an example!

Daedalus putat Crētēn esse īnsulam mālam.
Daedalus thinks Crete to be a bad island = Daedalus thinks THAT Crete IS a bad island. INFINITIVE substituted for normal verb HEAD verb (conjugated normally) predicate (called for in this particular sentence) Subject of head verb (normal nominative) ACCUSATIVE subject of the infinitive

Note that in English we sometimes use the same formulation (usually with the verb ”to be”): I know him to be kind. = I know THAT he IS kind.

Exerceāmus! (use your vocabulary list to help)
videt undās lītus tangere. lītus, -oris n. shore ā Minoe iubētur Daedalum nōn īre posse. Daedalus dīxit sē Crēten perodisse. vidēmus Daedalum naturam novāre. Icarus cognoscit patrem in ignotās artēs animum dimittere.

ut Clauses ut clauses are another very common and important form of subordinate clause that apears in Latin. They are used to indicate a number of possible things, such as The purpose a character has in mind, e.g. he went to the store SO THAT he could buy milk The result of a certain circumstance, e.g. it was SO cold THAT they shivered all the way home The result of a person’s plans, e.g. she brought it about THAT she became the queen The expression of an order, e.g. the king ordered THAT his servants be brought before him Context will tell you which type of translation to use.

Recognizing ut Clauses
In Latin, an ut clause will always begin with _________ ! What mood do you think that the verb of ut clauses of this type will be in? Noticing the mood of the verb in an ut clause will be important, since the conjunction ut, when followed by an indicative verb, can just mean “as” or “when” or “like.” The negative form of ut is nē. This word is used when the entire ut clause is meant to be negated. ut subjunctive

Exerceāmus! (use your vocabulary list to help)
rex Minos iubet ut labyrinthus in Crētā faciātur. Daedalus feritur ut eum faciat. Minos terrās et undās obstruit nē Daedalus et Icarus dē labyrinthō aliīs dīcant. Daedalus exilium sīc perodit ut pennās coepiat.

Classwork By yourself or with a person sitting next to you, translate through avēs on line 195. If you do not finish your translation in class, you will finish for HW.

191 ut clīvō crēvisse putēs: sīc rūstica quondam 192 fistula disparibus paulātim surgit avēnīs; 193 tum līnō mediās et cērīs alligat īmās 194 atque ita conpositās parvō curvāmine flectit, 195 ut vērās imitētur avēs.

Propositum: DWBAT translate and form deponent verbs.
STATIM: Take out a piece of paper for your COTIDIANA Label it with COTIDIANA 5, your name, the date, and Latin II Summer Session When you are done, take out your HW for correction PENSUM IV: Morphology review sheet (2 verbs, 2 nouns) 2. Study for Cotidiana 6 7/19/14

COTIDIANA V – Indirect Speech
Directions: Translate the following sentences which contain indirect speech. You MAY use your vocabulary sheet and ask for vocabulary help. Icarus scit Daedalum Crētēn perodisse. putant Minoem terrās obstruere, sed caelum patēre. Minotaurus virōs in labyrinthō esse sentit.

COTIDIANA V – Indirect Speech RETAKE
Directions: Translate the following sentences which contain indirect speech. You MAY use your vocabulary sheet and ask for vocabulary help. fīlius scit patrem Crētēn perodisse. virī dīcunt quamquam regem terrās obstruere, caelum nōn obstruere. Theseus posse labyrinthum vincere sē sentit. sciō, scīre, scivī, scitus to know sentiō, sentīre, sensī, sensus to sense, perceive

191 ut clīvō crēvisse putēs: sīc rūstica quondam 192 fistula disparibus paulātim surgit avēnīs; 193 tum līnō mediās et cērīs alligat īmās 194 atque ita conpositās parvō curvāmine flectit, 195 ut vērās imitētur avēs. so that you might think they grew on a slope: thus at one time a rustic shepherd’s pipe rises gradually with unequal reeds; then he binds the middle with thread and (he binds) the base with wax and thus he bends the (wings) arranged in a slight curve, so that he might imitate real birds.

Deponent Verbs Deponent verbs are a subset of Latin verbs that look and behave differently from normal verbs. In short, deponent verbs are verbs that appear only in passive form, but are translated with an active meaning. Deponent verbs are so-called because they ‘DE-PONENT’, they “put down” their active forms.

Recognizing Deponent Verbs
Consider the deponent verb imitor, imitārī, imitātus (sum) imitate This verb’s 1st principal part is the 1st person singular, indicative, PASSIVE form of the verb. (If it existed, what would the active, normal 1st principal part look like?) This verb’s 2nd principal part is the PASSIVE present infinitive. (If it existed, what would the active, normal 2nd principal part look like?) This verb’s 3rd principal part is actually the 4th principal part of a normal verb! Remember, the 3rd principal part of a Latin verb is used ONLY for the active forms of the perfect system. The 4th principal part of a Latin verb is used ONLY for the passive forms of the perfect system. Therefore, deponent verbs only use their 1st, 2nd, and 4th principal parts, which are listed as three principal parts.

Recognizing Deponent Verbs
To which conjugation does the verb imitor, imitārī, imitātus sum belong? How do you know? To which conjugation does the verb polliceor, pollicērī, pollicitus sum belong? How do you know? To which conjugation does the verb loquor, loquī, locūtus sum belong? How do you know? To which conjugation does the verb gradior, gradī, gressus sum belong? How do you know? To which conjugation does the verb orior, orīrī, ortus sum belong? How do you know?

Semi-Deponent Verbs There are a small number of verbs that are classified as “semi-deponent.” gaudeō, gaudēre, gavīsus sum rejoice This verb’s principal parts are active in the present system, meaning that in the present, imperfect, and future tenses it takes standard active endings. This verb has only three principal parts, and only the ‘passive’ (4th) principal part for the perfect system. In the perfect, pluperfect, and future perfect tenses it will only appear in the passive, but be translated active.

An Additional Note about Translating Deponent Verbs
The 3rd (really the 4th) principal part of a deponent verb is its perfect participle. Because deponent verbs are always translated ACTIVE, a deponent verb’s perfect participle is effectively its perfect active participle. The perfect active participle does not exist in Latin 😔 - only deponent verbs have it! Let’s take a look at how to translate it.

Exerceāmus! Translate the perfect participles of the following deponent verbs: moror, morārī, morātus delay mereor, merērī, meritus deserve, earn proficīscor, proficīscī, profectus set out, depart miror, mirārī, mirātus wonder at nascor, nascī, natus be norn potior, potīrī, potītus get possession of, obtain sequor, sequī, secūtus follow

Exerceāmus! Translate the following sentences: virī hostēs veritī, eī ad proelium profectī sunt. vereor, verērī, veritus fear proelium, -ī n. battle ad turbam locūta, rēgīna ad senātum nunc loquātur. turba, -ae f. crowd senatus, -ūs m. senate loquor, -ī, locūtus speak

Exerceāmus! Complete a synopsis (with translations) of the verb hortor, hortārī, hortātus sum encourage in the 3rd sg. f. ACTIVE PASSIVE Present Imperfect Future Perfect Pluperfect Future Perfect Pres. Subunctive hortātur hortābātur hortābitur hortāta est hortāta erat hortāta erit hortētur

Exerceāmus! Complete a synopsis (with translations) of the verb ūtor, ūtī, usus sum use in the 1st pl. m. ACTIVE PASSIVE Present Imperfect Future Perfect Pluperfect Future Perfect Pres. Subunctive utimur utēbāmur utēmur usī sumus usī erāmus usī erimus utāmur

PENSUM On the morphology handout given to you, decline the following nouns: ius, iuris n. law taurus, -ī m. bull complete a synopsis of the following verbs in all indicative tenses and in the present subjunctive: arbitror, -ārī, -ātus think ponō, -ere, posuī, positus put, place

Wait to receive a form for your quiz
Propositum: DWBAT translate participles, infinitives, and constructions using those forms. STATIM: Wait to receive a form for your quiz When you are done, take out your HW for correction PENSUM IV: Translate through plumās on line 198. 2. Study for Cotidiana 7 7/21/16

COTIDIANA VI Complete a synopsis of the verb faciō, facere, fēcī, factus to do, make in the 3rd person plural fem. in all tenses and voices of the indicative and the present subjunctive

The Present Participle
It is time to formally review the different Latin participles, of which there are three tenses In addition to the Perfect Passive Participle (the 4th principal part), which we have reviewed in depth, Latin has a Present Active Participle which is commonly used. As an adjective, the present active participle describes someone or something who is doing the verbal action. It is translated “VERBing.”

Forming the Present Participle
To form the present active participle, take the present stem of a verb. To form the nominative singular form of the participle for any gender, add –ns to the present stem. To decline the participle in other cases, change the ending of the stem to –nt- and use 3rd declension endings. amāns amantis amantī amantem etc. faciēns facientis facientī facientem veniēns venientis venientī venientem

The Future Participle Latin’s final participle is a Future Active Participle. As an adjective, the future active participle describes someone or something who will do or is about to do the verbal action. It is translated “about to VERB.”

Forming the Future Participle
To form the future active participle, take the 4th principal part (the PPP) of the verb. Add the ending -ūrus, -a, um to the stem of the participle, forming a new 1st-2nd declension adjective. amātūrus amātūrī amātūrō amātūrum etc. amātūra amātūrae amātūram

The Ablative Absolute In addition to simply describing nouns, participles of all kinds are frequently used in a special construction called the ablative absolute. The ablative absolute occurs when a participle agrees with a noun in the ablative case and neither is grammatically connected to the rest of the clause. Because the ablative absolute stands on its own (“ablative absolute”) it can be considered its own mini-clause.

Translating the Ablative Absolute
The ablative absolute can have many meanings and connotations. An acceptable rule of thumb is to always first translate “With the ...” in order to get a sense of what is happening. hostēs oppugnantēs, cīvēs fugiunt – with the enemies attacking, the citizens fled. Though correct, this is generally not the best translation!

Translating the Ablative Absolute
Depending on context, the ablative absolute might have a variety of flavors of meaning. For example … hostēs oppugnantēs, cīvēs fugērunt. WHEN the enemies (attacked), the citizens fled. WHILE the enemies (were attacking), the citizens fled. BECAUSE the enemies (attacked), the citizens fled. AFTER the enemies (attacked), the citizens fled. OR, hostēs oppugnantēs, cīvēs mansērunt. ALTHOUGH the enemies (attacked), the citizens remained. You will have to use your best judgment to decide how to translate!

Exerceāmus! rēge Minoe terrās obstruentī, Daedalus pennās facit.
terrīs obstructīs, Daedalus Icarusque in exiliō manent. Minoe undās possidentī, caelum nōn possidet. multī virī labyrinthum verentur, Minitaurō in eō habitantī. Graecīs Troiam victūrīs, Aeneas ab urbe profectus est.

The Present Tense of the Infinitive
It is time to formally review the different Latin infinitives, of which there are three tenses The PRESENT infinitive of a Latin verb appears in both active and passive voices. The present active infinitive of a verb is its 2nd principal part. It is translated “to VERB.” The present passive infinitive of a verb is found by replacing the –e on the end of the active infinitive with –ī. There is an exception in the 3rd conjugation. The short e/i of the stem disappears entirely: ponere > ponī The present passive infinitive is translated “to be VERBed.”

The Perfect Tense of the Infinitive
The PERFECT tense infinitive in the active voice is produced by adding –isse to the perfect stem of a verb. e.g. vīcisse It is translated “to have VERBed” – “to have conquered” The PERFECT tense infinitive in the passive voice is produced by adding the helping verb esse to the 4th principal part. e.g. victus esse It is translated “to have been VERBed” – “to have been conquered”

The Future Tense of the Infinitive
The FUTURE tense of the infinitive in the active voice is formed by adding the helping verb esse to the future active participle. e.g. victūrus esse It is translated “to be about to VERB” – “to be about to conquer” Latin has a way to produce the future tense of the infinitive in the passive voice when it needs to, but it is rare and somewhat complicated, so you do not need to know it!

Relative Time in Indirect Speech
Differentiating between tenses of the infinitive is most important in indirect speech when the infinitive is standing in for a main verb. In indirect speech, the tense of an infinitive does not represent tense or time in an absolute sense. It represents only time relative to the head verb that began the indirect speech. A present tense infinitive represents time equal to the head verb. A perfect tense infinitive represents time prior to the main verb. A future tense infinitive represents time after the main verb. Let’s see some examples to make this clear!

Icarus does not know that he brings about danger/ruin.
Exerceāmus! Use the rule just stated and your intuition to translate these sentences. Icarus nescit sē perīculum tractāre. Icarus nescit sē perīculum tractātūrum esse. Icarus nescit sē perīculum tractāvisse. Icarus nesciet sē perīculum tractāre. Icarus nesciet sē perīculum tractāvisse. Icarus nescīvit sē perīculum tractāvisse. Icarus nescīvit sē perīculum tractāre. Icarus nescīvit sē perīculum tractātūrum esse. Icarus does not know that he brings about danger/ruin. Icarus does not know that he will bring about danger/ruin. Icarus does not know that he brought about danger/ruin. Icarus will not know that he will bring about danger/ruin. Icarus will not know that he brought about danger/ruin. Icarus did not know that he had brought about danger/ruin. Icarus did not know that he brought about danger/ruin. Icarus did not know that he would bring about danger/ruin.

195 puer Īcarus ūnā 196 stābat et, ignārus sua sē tractāre perīcula, 197 ōre renīdentī modo, quās vaga mōverat aura, 198 captābat plūmās, flāvam modo pollice cēram 199 mollībat, lūsūque suō mīrābile patris 200 impediēbat opus.

Classwork By yourself or with a person sitting next to you, translate line 198 If you do not finish your translation in class, you will finish for HW

Take out a sheet of paper for your COTIDIANA PENSUM VI:
Propositum: DWBAT identify and decline nouns in the 4th and 5th declensions STATIM: Take out a sheet of paper for your COTIDIANA PENSUM VI: Translate through line 205 Study for your QUIZ (on 4th and 5th declension) MIDTERM EXAM on Wednesday (2nd hour) 7/25/16

COTIDIANA – Ablative Absolutes and Relative Time
Directions: Translate the sentence below and answer the follow questions. You may use your Vocabulary list pennīs compositīs, Daedalus filiō suō dīxit sī sē altius volātūrum esse, in itinere moritūrum esse. What words make up the ablative absolute? What is the head verb? What tense is it in? What tense and voice are the infinitives in?

COTIDIANA – Ablative Absolutes and Relative Time RE-TAKE
Directions: Translate the sentence below and answer the follow questions. You may use your Vocabulary list pennīs factīs, Daedalus filiō suō dicit sī sē celsiorem currere, ignem pennās adustūrum esse. What words make up the ablative absolute? What is the head verb? What tense is it in? What tense and voice are the infinitives in? sē he/she/it (acc. sg.)

PENSUM 195 puer Icarus ūnā 196 stābat et, ignārus sua sē tractāre perīcla, 197 ōre renīdentī modo quās vaga moverat aura, 198 captābat plumās,

Translation puer Īcarus ūnā 196 stābat et, ignārus sua sē tractāre perīcula, 197 ōre renīdentī modo, quās vaga mōverat aura, 198 captābat plūmās, flāvam modo pollice cēram 199 mollībat, lūsūque suō mīrābile patris 200 impediēbat opus. At the same time the boy Icarus was standing (by) and, unaware that he was bringing about his own dangers (downfall), he was now grasping at the feathers, which the wandering air had moved, with a smiling face, now softening the yellow wax with (his) thumb, and hindering the wonderful work of (his) father with his own game.