1. Conjugating a Fourth Conjugation Verb
audio audire audivi auditus

2. All About Verbs Each verb has 4 principal parts
audio
audire
audivi
auditus
First Person Singular Present Active I hear
Present active
Infinitive
To hear
First Person Singular Perfect Active I have heard
Perfect Passive Participle Having been heard

3. Finding the Present Stem
Find the second principal part of the verb.
audio
audire
audivi
auditus
The present stem is the second principal part – re.
audire
- re =
audi

4. Present Active Tense
The present active tense = Present Stem + Present Active Endings
Singular
Plural
First Person
mus we o I
tis
you
Second Person
you s
he, she, it nt
they
Third Person t
Present Active Endings

5. Present Active audi o audi mus audi tis audi s audi t audiu nt
I hear I am hearing I do hear
First Person
We hear We are hearing We do hear
audi o
audi
mus
Second
Person
You hear You are hearing You do hear
You hear You are hearing You do hear
audi
tis
audi s
He hears He is hearing He does hear
Third Person
They hear They are hearing They do hear
audi t
audiu nt
Nota Bene: There is a “u” in the third person plural.

6. Present Passive Tense
The present passive tense = Present Stem + Present Passive Endings
Singular
Plural
First Person
mur we or I
mini
you
Second Person
you
ris
he, she, it
ntur
they
Third Person
tur
Present Passive Endings

7. Present Passive audi or audi mur audi mini audi ris audi tur audiu
We are heard
I am heard
First Person
audi or
audi
mur
Second
Person
You are heard
audi
mini
audi
ris
You are heard
He is heard
They are heard
Third Person
audi
tur
audiu
ntur
Nota Bene: There is a u in the third person plural.

8. Nota Bene: In the imperfect an “e” is inserted before the “ba”
Imperfect Tense
Present Stem
+ BA
+ Present Endings
Nota Bene: In the imperfect an “e” is inserted before the “ba”
Imperfect Active
Imperfect Passive
audie ba m
I heard
audie ba r
I was heard
audie ba s
You heard
audie ba
ris
You were heard
He heard
audie ba
tur
He was heard
audie ba t
We heard
audie ba
mur
We were heard
audie ba
mus
You heard
audie ba
mini
You were heard
audie ba
tis
They were heard
They heard
audie ba
ntur
audie ba nt

9. Future Tense Present Stem + e + Present Endings
Nota Bene: In the first person singular a replaces the e.
Future Active
Future Passive
I will hear
audi a m
audi a r
I will be heard
audi e s
You will hear
audi e
ris
You will be heard
He will hear
audi e
tur
He will be heard
audi e t
We will hear
audi e
mur
We will be heard
audi e
mus
You will hear
audi e
mini
You will be heard
audi e
tis
They will hear
audi e
ntur
audi e nt
They will be heard

10. Finding the Perfect Stem
Find the third principal part of the verb.
audio
audire
audivi
auditus
The perfect stem is the third principal part – i.
audivi
- i =
audiv

11. Perfect Active Tense
The Perfect Active Tense = Perfect Stem + Perfect Active Endings
Singular
Plural
First Person
imus we i I
istis
you
Second Person
you
isti
he, she, it
erunt
they
Third Person it
Perfect Active Endings

12. Perfect Active audiv imus audiv istis isti audiv erunt audiv i audiv
First Person
audiv i
I heard I have heard I did hear
audiv
imus
We heard We have heard We did hear
You heard You have heard You did hear
Second
Person
audiv
istis
audiv
isti
You heard You have heard You did hear
Third Person
audiv it
audiv
erunt
They I heard They have heard They did hear
He heard He has heard He did hear
Perfect Active

13. Pluperfect Active Tense
Perfect Stem
+ era
+ Present Endings
Pluperfect Active
audiv
era m
I had heard
audiv
era s
You had heard
audiv
era t
He had heard
audiv
era
mus
We had heard
You had heard
audiv
era
tis
audiv
era nt
They had heard

14. Future Perfect Active Tense
Perfect Stem
+ eri
+ Present Endings
Future Perfect Active
audiv er o
I will have heard
audiv
eri s
You will have heard
audiv
eri t
He will have heard
audiv
eri
mus
We will have heard
audiv
eri
tis
You will have heard
audiv
eri nt
They will have heard

15. Perfect Passive System
1. Uses the fourth principal part which is called the perfect passive participle (PPP).
audio, audire, audivi, auditus. -a. -um
2. The perfect passive participle (PPP) is a verbal adjective and must agree with the subject of the sentence.
If the subject is puella (feminine singular), the PPP will be audita.
If the subject is puellae (feminine plural), the PPP will be auditae.
If the subject is vir (masculine singular), the PPP will be auditus.
If the subject is viri (masculine plural), the PPP will be auditi.
If the subject is oppidum (neuter singular), the PPP will be auditum.
If the subject is oppida (neuter plural), the PPP will be audita.

16. Perfect Passive Tense PPP + Present Tense of Sum Perfect Passive
Auditus – a - um
sum
I have been heard
Auditus – a - um es
You have been heard
Auditus –a -um
est
He has been heard
Auditi –ae -a
sumus
We have been heard
You have been heard
Auditi –ae –a
estis
They have been heard
Auditi – ae -a
sunt

17. Pluperfect Passive Tense
PPP
+ Imperfect Tense of Sum
Pluperfect Passive
auditus – a - um
eram
I had been heard
auditus – a - um
eras
You had been heard
auditus –a -um
erat
He had been heard
auditi –ae -a
eramus
We had been heard
You had been heard
auditi –ae –a
eratis
They had been heard
auditi – ae -a
erant

18. Future Perfect Passive Tense
PPP
+ Future Tense of Sum
Future Perfect Passive Tense
auditus – a - um
ero
I will have been heard
auditus – a - um
eris
You will have been heard
auditus –a -um
erit
He will have been heard
auditi –ae -a
erimus
We will have been heard
You will have been heard
auditi –ae –a
eritis
They will have been heard
auditi – ae -a
erunt

19. The ______________ tense does not use the present stem.
a. Future
b. Past Perfect
c. Imperfect
d. Present
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20. Correct!!!
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21. Try again!!!
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22. Munire is the ______________ principal part of the word.
a. First
b. Second
c. Third
d. Fourth
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23. Correct!!!
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24. Try again!!!
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25. Munivisti can be translated _____________
a. You have fortified
b. You were fortified
c. You are fortifying
d. You will fortify
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26. Correct!!!
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27. Try again!!!
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28. Munita est can be translated _____________
a. She had been fortified
b. She is fortified
c. She has been fortified
d. She will have been fortified

29. Correct!!!
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30. Try again!!!
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31. Finis