1. FEUDALISM
C9-S2

2. The Invaders Charlemagne dies in 814 Wave of invasions
the Carolingian Empire falls apart
Wave of invasions
Muslims in southern Europe & France
Magyars (Asia) in central Europe
Germanic Vikings from Scandinavia

4. The Vikings Germanic peoples Reasons for invasions Technology
Love of adventure
profits derived from war
new trade avenues
Technology
Superb shipbuilders & sailors
Long ship design enabled inland attacks and to sail upstream

6. Viking Long Ship

8. Stop Attacking Us!!!!
Frankish king gave the Vikings a band of land in France
Normandy
Plan?
settle and convert the Vikings to Christianity
Vikings eventually became a part of European society.

9. Development of Feudalism
Invasions posed a threat to safety of people throughout Europe.
Rulers could not defend their subjects due to weak centralized gov’t.
People turned to landed lords for protection and in turn offered services.
Became the feudal system.

10. Feudalism
Political, economic, and social system based on loyalty and military service.
System was not that simple: Relations between all of these people differed too much form on e place to another and form ont time toa nther to fit together in anything resembling a system.

12. Knights & Vassals Vassalage
Warriors swore an oath to lords & fought for them- known as vassals.
Lord in turn took care of vassals needs.
Granted fief (piece of land) in exchange for loyalty.
Rules determined by a feudal contract
These vassals would eventually make up the aristocratic or noble class known as knights.

13. An armor bearer to a knight Attendant on a person of rank
The Road to Knighthood
KNIGHT
SQUIRE
An armor bearer to a knight
PAGE
Attendant on a person of rank
The process of training for knighthood began before adolescence, inside the prospective knight’s own home, where he was taught courtesy and appropriate manners. Around the age of 7 years, he would be sent away to train and serve at a grander household as a page. Here, he would serve as a kind of waiter and personal servant, entertaining and serving food to his elders. A page was usually the son of a vassal, who sent him to his or another lord’s castle to become a page. For seven years a page was cared for by the women of the house, who instructed him in comportment, courtesy, cleanliness, and religion. He would learn basic hunting and falconry, and also various battle skills such as taking care of, preparing, and riding horses, as well as use of weapons and armour.
A page became a squire when he turned 14 years of age, being assigned or picked by a knight to become his personal aide. This allowed the squire to observe his master while he was in battle, in order to learn from his techniques. He also acted as a personal servant to the knight, taking care of his master’s equipment and horse. This was to uphold the knight’s code that promoted generosity, courtesy, compassion, and most importantly, loyalty. The knight acted as a tutor and taught the squire all he needed to know to become a knight. As the squire grew older, he was expected to follow his master into battle, and attend to his master if the knight fell in battle. Some squires became knights for performing an outstanding deed on the battlefield, but most were knighted by their lord when their training was judged to be complete.

14. Chivalry: A Code of Honor and Behavior

15. Code of Chivalry
Justice
Loyalty
Courage
Faith
Humility
Nobility

16. Medieval Warriors
Knight’s Armor

17. Nobility of the Middle Ages
Main concern of nobility was warfare.
Nobles: kings, dukes, counts, barons, bishops and archbishops.
Knights
Trained for war by taking part in tournaments
Code of Chivalry- ethical code to live by
Treat captured w/ dignity
Defense of the church
Fight only for glory; not material possessions

18. Parts of Medieval Castle

19. Caernorfon Castle, Wales

20. Warwick Castle, England

21. Aristocratic Women Important Roles Eleanor of Aquitaine
Manage the estate in times of war
Handle financial accounts
Food & household supplies
Eleanor of Aquitaine
Wife of Henry II
Went on 2nd crusade with 300 of her ladies dressed in armor & carrying lances.
Rebelled against tradition of being submissive to husband.