1. AP United States History Unit 4 The Peculiar Institution of Slavery
Abolition
If the Union must be dissolved slavery is precisely the question upon which it ought to break
John Quincy Adams
AP United States History
Unit 4 The Peculiar Institution of Slavery

2. Background of Abolitionists MishMosh of Beliefs
Reformers.
Saw slavery as a blight on American society and a roadblock to progress.
Mostly came from the middle-class, who were already reforming prisons, education, equality for women, mental health, government, and services for the poor.
Susan B. Anthony

3. Background of Abolitionists MishMosh of Beliefs
Moral grounds.
Declaration of Independence declared all people are created equal.
The Bible preaches equality.
A byproduct of the Second Great Awakening and Charles Finney.
Charles Finney

4. Background of Abolitionists MishMosh of Beliefs
Political reasons.
Democrats protested the denial of political and civil rights to blacks.
By 1805, all of the Northern states had either outlawed slavery or set out gradual emancipation.
Northerners believed that the slave South was gaining power and trying to push north of the Missouri Compromise line.
Map of US after MO Compromise

5. Background of Abolitionists MishMosh of Beliefs
Perfectionists.
Slaves had no way of improving themselves.
Are you Perfect???

6. Background of Abolitionists Key Terms
Emancipation.
Freeing of slaves.
Abolition.
The immediate and total end of slavery.
An Emancipated Slave

7. Abolitionist Opinions Colonization
Benjamin Lundy.
Quaker publisher, tried to persuade Southerners to free their slaves.
Once freed, he explored the possibility of colonization in Canada or Haiti.
Benjamin Lundy

8. Abolitionist Opinions Colonization
1817, American Colonization Society.
Gradual emancipation of slaves, with freed slaves to be sent to colonies in Africa.
Founded the colony of Liberia.
Would be a long and expensive process.
Slave owners would have to voluntarily take a loss.
Liberia

9. Abolitionist Opinions Former Slaves: David Walker
Born to freed slaves, moved to Massachusetts
David Walker’s Appeal.
A pamphlet that urged African-Americans to use violent means, if necessary, to win their freedom.
Known as the “diabolical pamphlet” throughout the South.
David Walker

10. Abolitionist Opinions Former Slaves: Frederick Douglass
Background.
Most well-known escaped slave.
Learned to read and write and mastered a trade while a slave.
Earned enough money from lectures and writing to send to his former master and legally purchase his freedom.
Became part of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society.
Would associate with leading abolitionists of the time period.
Frederick Douglass

11. Abolitionist Opinions Former Slaves: Frederick Douglass
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass.
Freedom required not only emancipation, but also full social and economic equality.
Frederick Douglass

12. Abolitionist Opinions Former Slaves: Frederick Douglass
Changing opinions.
Originally wanted emancipation by violent means.
Late 1840s, decides to break with the “radical abolitionists.”
Believed that the Constitution needed to be upheld.
If it was not, then emancipation meant nothing because blacks would not be treated as equals.
Destroy slavery by working within the system.
Frederick Douglass

13. Abolitionist Opinions William Lloyd Garrison
Assistant of Benjamin Lundy, would become a leading abolitionist.
Became leader of the radical view.
Wanted the immediate emancipation of slaves.
Did not care about the political, social, and economic consequences.
William Lloyd Garrison

14. Abolitionist Opinions William Lloyd Garrison
Refused to engage in political activity to end slavery.
Compromises have failed in the past.
Laws made to protect slavery were illegal under God’s law.
Prepared to destroy the Union to gain their ends.
William Lloyd Garrison

15. Abolitionist Opinions William Lloyd Garrison
Garrison was so radical that he burned the Constitution.
Called it an “agreement with Hell.”
William Lloyd Garrison

16. Abolitionist Opinions William Lloyd Garrison
The Liberator.
Key abolitionist newspaper.
Extremely controversial in both the North and the South.
Would be banned in the South.
Set out the reasons for abolition in a graphic manner.
William Lloyd Garrison

17. Abolitionist Opinions William Lloyd Garrison
Importance of Garrison.
Did not have many followers, but opened up new views on abolition.
Abolition was not a reform movement, but a revolution.
Achieving racial equality, not just ending slavery, will lead to the true goal: full justice for blacks.
Saw blacks as true equals.
Supported the efforts of female abolitionists and the women’s rights movement.

18. Abolitionist Opinions Moderate Abolitionists
Leaders.
Arthur Tappan, Lewis Tappan, Theodore Weld, Frederick Douglass.
Arthur Tappan
Theodore Weld
Frederick Douglass
Arthur Tappan

19. Abolitionist Opinions Moderate Abolitionists
Origins & beliefs.
Broke with Garrison in 1840.
“Immediate emancipation… gradually achieved” through political activity.
Did not want female abolitionists to take an active role.
Believed that slavery was enough of an issue to antagonize people.
Would lose support.
Created the Liberty Party.
Would be one of the numerous “third parties” created to fight for the end of slavery.

20. The American Colonization Society was an antislavery organization that
Merit Point Question #1
The American Colonization Society was an antislavery organization that
A. advocated racial equality.
B. sought full political rights for blacks.
C. favored immediate emancipation.
D. advocated the forced shipment of freed slaves to Africa.
E. relied upon governmental action to end slavery.

21. Merit Point Question #2
The split in the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1840 was over the issue of
A. the colonization of freed blacks in Africa.
B. the right of blacks to speak in racially
mixed gatherings.
C. the right of women to participate in the
antislavery society.
D. the role of blacks and women in the
antislavery movement.
E. none of the above.