1. The Crusades
Global Cultures

2. Objectives Identify the causes and effects of the Crusades.
Analyze the impact of the Crusades on the Arabic cultures of the Middle East.
Summarize the Crusades from the Arab point of view.

3. The Crusades—An Overview
8 medieval wars that spanned 200 years.
Christian mission to liberate the Holy Land of Jerusalem from Muslim control.

6. Setting Europe: Feudalistic Societies
Holy Roman Empire and Byzantium Empire
Greek Orthodox and Roman Catholic Church split from one another.
Turkish Muslims had taken control of the Holy Land—No more pilgrimages!

7. Setting (cont.)
Turkish Muslims were moving closer and closer to Christian Europe—especially Constantinople!

8. Underlying Purposes Economic Growth: Venice, Genoa, Pisa
Re-unite the churches?
Peasants were promised indulgences.

9. Peasant’s Crusade
Pope Urban II “. . . For the remission of your sins.”
Leader: Peter the Hermit
Killed Jews rather than Turkish Muslims!
Meet in Constantinople?

11. 1st Crusade
After gathering in Constantinople, they marched their way to the Holy Land.

13. 1st Crusade (cont.)
Took 3 years for the Crusaders to conquer Jerusalem
8 months to take Antioch
40 days to take Jerusalem
How did they celebrate?

17. 2nd Crusade Led by the kings of Europe
Mauled on their way to Jerusalem.
Decided to attack Damascus—Bad idea!

19. 3rd Crusade The Christian provinces were weak in the Holy Land
Saladin—Sultan of Egypt and Syria—was able to retake the Holy Land

21. 3rd Crusade (cont.) Frederick Barbarossa—drowned
King Phillip of France—Conquered Acre
Richard the Lion Hearted—Makes truce with Saladin; gains pilgrimage rights.

23. Children’s Crusade
Stephen of France, “only innocence can conquer the Holy Land”
March to the sea
Many tricked and sold into slavery!
Create legend of . . .