1. Physical Properties and Changes of Matter
Physical Science

2. Back to the Basics Matter – anything that has mass and volume
Substance – type of matter with a constant composition and can be identified by a chemical symbol or chemical formula and distinct
properties.
Water, Salt, Aluminum
Element – any substance made up of only one
type of atom
oxygen, helium, silver, carbon
Compound – a substance in which two or more elements are combined
Chlorine Gas + Sodium metal = Sodium Chloride (salt)
Cl Na = NaCl

3. Periodic Table of Elements
This shows examples of each element

4. Sodium metal + chlorine gas = Sodium Chloride (salt) Na + Cl2 NaCl

5. Mixtures

6. The Law of conservation of Mass
Matter cannot be created or destroyed

7. What do you think?
What comes to mind when you think about a physical characteristic of yourself??
What comes to mind when you hear the word “properties”
How would you describe a physical characteristic of a rock?
So what do you think a physical property is??

8. Physical Properties
Characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the composition

9. Characteristics of states of matter

10. Phases or States of mattetr

11. What are some Physical Properties?
Density
Viscosity
Conductivity
Solubility
Boiling/Condensing Point
Melting/Freezing Point
Mass
Volume
Color
Shape

12. What is that??? Viscosity – measure of a fluids resistance to flow
Conductivity – measure of a material’s ability to move electrical current
Solubility – maximum amount of a substance that will dissolve under standard conditions
Think sugar and water

13. Buoyancy is the tendency of matter to float in a liquid or rise up in the air

14. So what??
Physical properties help determine a substance’s usefulness as a material of construction or manufacture
Strength
Elasticity
Hardness
Toughness

15. Physical Change
is the change in a substance’s appearance such as size, shape, color or phase that does not change the composition of the matter.

16. What are some Physical Changes?
Evaporating
Condensing
Freezing
Melting
Sublimation
Deposition
Expanding
Cutting
Breaking
Conducting
Mixing
Bending

17. Lets Heat things up!!!
We can use a heating curve to help us understand how substances undergo a phase change from a solid to a gas
What are the independent and dependent variables for this graph?

18. Now cool it down… Opposite of heating is cooling
Phase change of a gas to a solid

19. Warm up 9/14 Give me an example of a physical property
Give me an example of a physical change
What does a heating curve look like?
What are the independent and dependent variables on the graph below?
Car’s Value
Mileage

20. Kinetic Energy Energy of motion
Temperature is the measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in matter.

21. Potential Energy Energy of position
Temperature is constant when the average distance between the particles changes.