1. Warm Up Briefly explain what ideas the philosophes gave to the U.S..
Locke - Social Contract, Natural rights
Rousseau - Majority rules, popular sovereignty, Democracy
Montesquieu - Separation of Powers, Branches of Government, Checks and Balances
Voltaire - Civil Liberties: Freedom of Speech/Religion
Take out your philosophe chart and leave it on your desk. I will come around and check them.
Turn in worksheets (Enlightenment, Rousseau, Montesquieu)

2. Revolution and Constitution
7-2.5 Explain how the Enlightenment influenced the American and French revolutions leading to the formation of limited forms of government, including the relationship between people and their government, the role of constitutions, the characteristics of shared powers, the protection of individual rights, and the promotion of the common good.

3. Bell Work 9/30
What country has the oldest written constitution and democracy in the world?
USA!!!!

4. How did the Enlightenment impact future revolutions?
The Enlightenment inspired the American Revolution (A.R.)
The Enlightenment and A.R. inspired the French Revolution.
A.R. & F.R. were models for future revolutions, limited governments & constitutions around the world.
Enlightenment
American Revolution
French Revolution
Future democratic revolutions

5. How did the Enlightenment impact the American Revolution?
Enlightenment ideas caused Americas founders to question and change an unfair government.
American Rev. success proved Enlightenment ideas work
Enlightenment ideas + new government = American Constitution & Bill of Rights

6. What is the Influence of enlightenment thinkers on America's constitution?
Enlightenment Idea
Effect on U.S. Constitution
Locke’s Social Contract
Our constitution is an agreement between the government and the people.
Montesquieu’s Separation of Powers
Three branches: executive, judicial, and legislative.
Shared Powers
The system of federalism as duties are divided between the federal and state governments
Rousseau’s General Will aka Popular Sovereignty
Creation of a representative democracy
Locke’s Natural Rights and Voltaire’s Individual Rights
The Bill of Rights

7. How did the Enlightenment and American Revolution inspire the French revolution?
French citizens learned Enlightenment ideas
equality and natural rights
Some Americans (Ben Franklin & Thomas Jefferson) spent time in France sharing ideas with Philosophes.
French soldiers, who helped during the A.R., learned why America was fighting.
Independence, freedom, representative government
They took these ideas back to France.

8. Constitutions

9. What is a constitution?
A lawful document that places limits on a government’s power.

10. Why are Constitutions so important?
They give a government their power to create and enforce laws to protect the people.

11. What do constitutions do?
It outlines how a government operates and what a government can and can not do.
Laws, branches of government, powers of each branch, etc.
It states the relationship between the people and their government.
Rights of the citizens, voting, free speech, etc.
States relationship between local and federal government

12. Break Time

13. Types of constitutions

14. Constitutions can be legitimate or illegitimate
Legitimate- a government has a Constitution and follows it Example: U.S., England
Illegitimate- a government has a Constitution but does not follow it.
Example: North Korea

15. Constitutions can be written or unwritten
Unwritten- a collection of traditions, legal rulings and documents that make up a country’s set of rules
England.
Written- A written document of guidelines for the government.
The U.S. Constitution was based on ideas of the unwritten English constitution.
United States had the first written constitution

16. Constitutions can be “Positive” or “negative”
A “positive” constitution emphasizes the roles and responsibilities that a government can perform, for example, providing universal education for all citizens.
A “negative” constitution focuses on the limitations placed upon the government.
Neither is bad or good. It is just how they are worded.
The U.S. has a “negative” constitution.

17. What is America’s Constitution?
Legitimate – Government follows the rules
Written – Its written out clearly (It’s the 1st one of its kind!)
Negative – It places limits on the governments power

19. What are the Bill of Rights for?
To protect individuals’ civil liberties & limit the power of the government.
27 Amendments to the U.S. constitution.
The first 10 are the Bill of Rights
Inspired by the English Bill of Rights.

20. Bell Work 10/1 What kind of Constitution does America have? Legitimate
Written
Negative
What does the Bill of Rights do?
To protect individuals’ civil liberties & limit the power of the government.

21. Classroom Bill of Rights Step 1
Create 10 rights that a student should have in a classroom.
On a separate sheet of paper with your group brainstorm 10 problems in a classroom.
Then create 10 solutions for the problem.
Use the term Students have the right…

22. Make sure they are mostly legitimate (a teacher will follow them).
On the large sheet of paper decorate and create the Classroom Bill of Rights.
Make sure they are mostly legitimate (a teacher will follow them).
Recess all day, eating pizza in class, no homework etc. would be examples of an illegitimate constitution.