1. Imperialism in Africa

2. Colonial Legacies
Social and cultural disruption- European rule introduces Africans to a foreign way of life
Underdeveloped human potential- Africans were basically ignored or exploited as cheap labor
Weak infrastructures and exploited resources- while roads, hospitals and schools were built, many were for the Europeans, not the native Africans

3. Colonial Legacies, cont.
Colonial Boundaries- Europe carved Africa to suit its needs, not according to ethnic groups – cause conflict and wars
Colonial government as a negative role model- these were not governments that encouraged democracy or self-rule. Rather, they were authoritarian and manipulative and used threats of violence to keep order, rather than granting rights

4. Please look at map on page 607 during PowerPoint
North Africa
This area belonged to the Ottoman Empire for centuries
As a result, there was a strong Muslim influence
England, France, and Italy take control away from the Ottomans
Please look at map on page 607 during PowerPoint

5. The French in North Africa
The French took over Algeria and Tunisia
There was intense competition between England, Spain, Italy and France over Morocco
Through deals with these countries, France gets majority control over Morocco

6. Suez Canal
Suez Canal- under Ferdinand de Lesseps, a French company was to build through Isthmus of Suez in 1854
The canal was completed in 1869

7. British in North Africa
The ruler of Egypt, Isma’il created large debts
To help pay these debts, he decided to sell the majority stock share in the Suez Canal
In 1875, the British became the largest stockholder and virtual controller of the canal!

8. The Sudan
After gaining control over Egypt, the British wanted the Sudan
The upper Nile flows through the Sudan
France also wanted this area

9. The Sudan, cont.
The French are
Weak!
Uprising by the native Muslim population to change their current government gave the British an excuse to invade
The French realized they were no match for the British army/navy, so they yielded to the British

10. Italy in North Africa
Since Italy was brand new, it was very weak, and no match for France or England
They took the crumbs that were left over – Tripoli (they renamed it Libya)
The Libyans opposed the Italians
Libya cost a lot of money and provided no benefit since most of the land was barren