1. Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD)
Ms. Rose Anne Jane Bartolata
MAPEH Teacher

2. Non-communicable Diseases
Are not passed from person to person
Are of long duration and generally slow progression

3. Healthy Lifestyle
-Defined as a way of life that promotes and protects health ad well-being.

4. Risk factors: A. Modifiable Behaviour Unhealthy diet
Physical inactivity
Exposure to tobacco smoke
Effects of harmful use of alcohol

5. B. Metabolic/ Physiological
Raised BP
Overweight/ obesity
Hyperglycemia
hyperlipidemia

6. C. Non- modifiable Factors
Age
Gender
Race
Genetics

7. I. Hypertension
Sustained elevation in mean arterial pressure

8. Causes:
Primary hypertension- has no definite cause
Secondary- result of some other primary diseases leading to hypertension

10. Risk Factors: Family history Age- older person are at greater risk
High salt intake
Obesity
Excessive alcohol intake

11. Classification of Blood Pressure
CATEGORY
SBP DBP
Normal
< and <80
Prehypertension or
Hypertension Stage 1 or
Hypertension Stage 2
> or >100

12. Prevention: Encourage proper nutrition- reduce salt and fat intake
Prevent becoming overweight or obese
Smoking cessation

13. II. Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
A metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood glucose in the context of insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.

14. For extreme cases, circulation of limbs is affected, potentially requiring amputation.

16. Risk factors Family history Overweight Sedentary lifestyle
Hypertension
hyperlipidemia

18. Prevention:
Maintain body weight and prevent obesity through proper nutrition and physical activity/ exercise.
Encourage proper nutrition
Promote regular physical activity and exercise
Smoking cessation

19. III. Cardiovascular Disease
Include a number of conditions affecting the structures or function of the heart. They can include:
a. Coronary artery disease
b. abnormal heart rhythms
c. heart failure
d. Heart valve disease
e. Congenital heart disease
f. Aorta disease and Marfan syndrome

20. Causes: Atherosclerosis Diabetes Hypertension Congenital anomaly
Family history

22. Prevention: Promote regular physical activity and exercise
Encourage proper nutrition by limiting intake of saturated fats that increase bad cholesterol, limiting salt intake, and increasing intake of dietary fiber.
Smoking cessation

23. IV- Cancer
Develops when cells in a part of the body begin to grow out of control
Travel to other parts of the body where they begin to grow and replace normal tissue.

25. Causes: Heredity Carcinogen- an agent capable of causing cancer
Chemical and environmental agents- smoked foods, processed food
Benzopyrene –burned food
Nitrosamine – preservatives
Radiation
Viruses

26. Risk Factors:
Lung cancer- tobacco use, radiation exposure, second- hand smoke
Breast cancer- early menarche/ late menopause, age, high fat diet, obesity, physical inactivity
Prostate cancer- age, race,high fat diet, heredity
Liver cancer- viral hepatitis, cirrhosis of liver, long term exposure to aflatoxin ( peanut, wheat, soybean, corn and rice)

27. Warning Signs for Cancer
C- Change in bowel or bladder habits A- A sore that does not heal U- Unusual bleeding or discharge T- Thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere I- Indigestion and difficulty in swallowing O- Obvious change in wart or mole N- Nagging cough or hoarseness of the voice U- Unexplained anemia S- Sudden weight loss

30. Prevention: Smoking cessation Encourage proper nutrition
Drink alcoholic beverages in moderation
Avoid/ control obesity through proper nutrition and exercise
The sooner a cancer is diagnosed and treatment begins the better the chances of living longer and enjoying a better quality of life.

31. V- Asthma
A chronic, inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role.

33. Causes and Risk Factors:
Host factors
Genetic predisposition
Allergy
Airway hyperresponsiveness
Gender
Race

34. Environmental factors
Indoor allergens
Outdoor allergens
Occupational sensitizers
Tobacco smoke
Air pollution
Respiratory infection
Family size
Diet and drugs
Obesity

35. Prevention: Recognize triggers that exacerbate asthma
Avoid triggers if possible
Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended to pregnant women

36. QUIZ # 2 HEALTH
1. These are diseases caused by unhealthy lifestyle. These are NOT passed from person to person?

37. 2. It is defined as the way of life that promotes and protects health and well being.

38. 3. What Non Communicable disease is defined as the sustained elevation in mean arterial pressure?

39. 4. Which Non Communicable Disease is characterized by high glucose / sugar level in blood that resulted in insulin resistance?

40. 5. It is a chronic, inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role.

41. 6-8 Identify at least 3 Signs & Symptoms of DIABETES 9-10 Name at least 2 activities that would prevent NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

42. ALLERGY
is a hypersensitivity disorder of the immune system. Symptoms include red eyes, itchiness, and runny nose, eczema, hives, or an asthma attack. Allergies can play a major role in conditions such as asthma.

43. ARTHRITIS
from Greek word arthro means joint and itis means inflammation
is a form of joint disorder that involves inflammation of one or more joints.

44. RENAL FAILURE
is a medical condition in which the kidneys fail to adequately filter waste products from the blood.