White Card Induction Course

White Card Induction Course
VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd White Card White Card Induction Course

© VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd
Version 2017v2

CPCCWHS1001 Prepare to work safely in the construction industry
This unit of competency specifies the mandatory work health and safety training required prior to undertaking construction work; and is the basis of the White Card Course. The white card course is a requirement for the national general induction program for construction workers. In this course you will be required to demonstrate: Personal awareness and knowledge of health and safety legislative requirements in order to work safely and prevent injury or harm to self and others. Identify and orally report two common construction hazards Understand basic risk control measures Identify procedures for responding to potential incidents and emergencies. Correctly select and fit common personal protective equipment (PPE) used for construction work. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Topics in this course Section 1
Duty of Care, Rights and Responsibilities Section 2 Risk Management Section 3 Injuries and Emergencies Section 4 Construction Hazards Section 5 Safe Work Practices Section 6 Signs and Symbols Section 7 Communication and reporting © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

About this course How long is the course? Usually five hours but we can take longer Assessment Requirements Multiple choice/True-False questions Verbal questions Demonstration of fitting PPE When do I get my White Card? Within 7 working days of completion of the assessment © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Section 1: Duty of care

Legislation and other Codes
Western Australian Occupational Health and Safety Act 1984 Western Australian Occupational Health and Regulations 1996 Workers' Compensation and Rehabilitation Act 1981 (WA) Codes of practice (WorkSafe WA) Australian and NZ Standards © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Main Sections of The Act
19. Duties of employers Breaches of S 19 - an individual —fine of $ and Imprisonment for 2 years; and In the case of a body corporate —fine of $ ; 20. Duties of employees Breaches of S20 - For a first offence, to a fine of $25 000; and For a subsequent offence, to a fine of $ Duties of employers and self-employed persons 22. Duties of persons who have control of workplaces 23. Duties of manufacturers etc. 29. Notices requiring election of safety and health Representatives 37. Employees to appoint representatives 57. Codes of practice - admissible in evidence however a person is not liable by reason only that the person has not complied with a provision of a code of practice. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Duty of Care and Obligations – Employees Section 20 of the OHS Act WA
To take reasonable care to: ensure his or her own safety and health at work avoid adversely affecting the safety or health of any other person through any act or omission at work. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

This means that the employee must:
comply with employer’s instructions for the safety or health of the employee or for the safety or health of other persons use such protective clothing and equipment as is provided, by his or her employee not misuse or damage any equipment provided in the interests of safety or health report to the employer any hazards to any person that the employee cannot correct report to the employer any injury or harm to health that arises in the course of his or her work co-operate with the employer in the carrying out by the employer of the obligations imposed on the employer under this Act. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Duty of Care and Obligations – Employers Section 19 of the OHS Act WA
Must not expose employees to hazards To provide information, instruction, and training so they can perform their job safely Consult and cooperate with safety and health representatives, and other employees, regarding occupational safety and health at the workplace © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Duty of Care and Obligations – Employers Section 19 of the OHS Act WA
Provide the employees with PPE and equipment to do their job safely at no cost to the employees Provide for the use, cleaning, maintenance, transportation and disposal of plant Provide for the use, handling, processing, storage, transportation and disposal of substances safely © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Section 2: Risk management

Hazard Management/Risk Management
The most effective way of preventing workplace injuries is to find the hazards that could cause them. You should be able to: Identify construction hazards Report them Identify how to assess risk How to use the Hierarchy of Controls How to monitor and review risks © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Risk Management Principles
Identify hazards Assess the Risks Involved - Likelihood and Consequence Make the Change - eliminate or minimise Review and Monitor the control measures © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Hazard v Risk A hazard is anything or situation that may cause injury or harm to anyone. A risk is the probability or likelihood of that hazard causing injury or harm. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Identify hazards Hazards can be identified by: Hazard reports Inspections Safety audits Investigations after incidents Manufacturer’s Information Safety data sheets © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Assess the risk After identifying the hazards we assess the risk: Likelihood - Is the hazard likely to occur again and if so how often would it occur that the hazard would cause harm? Consequence - What would be the consequence if the hazard occurred again and what would be the most likely injury to occur? The results of the risk assessment are then used to guide: How urgently the hazards need to be addressed The types of controls that should be implemented When assessing the risk, controls that are already in place need to be considered. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Likelihood vs consequence
© VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Control the risks Choose an effective control to reduce the risk to an acceptable level Consider: Whether the activity should be stopped Whether the activity can be changed The consequences of continuing or stopping the activity © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Monitor and Review Controls
To ensure they are effective That they don’t introduce further hazards as a result. To ensure their effectiveness is not affected by any workplace changes such as the environment or scope of work being carried out. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Reduce exposure to hazardous substances
where possible, perform the task without using hazardous substances where possible, substitute hazardous substances with less hazardous alternatives isolate hazardous substances in separate storage areas purge or ventilate storage areas separately from the rest of the workplace thoroughly train employees in handling and safety procedures provide PPE such as respirators, gloves and goggles regularly monitor the air in the workplace regularly consult with employees to maintain and improve existing safety and handling practices. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Section 3: Injuries and emergencies

Types of Emergencies Chemical spill Structural Collapse Toxic Fumes and Vapours Fire Injury to people Vehicle Accident © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Three components required for a Fire

Follow the RACE procedure R - Remove all persons in immediate danger to a safe area Fire © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Alert A- Alert the emergency control team and other staff to assist © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

C ontain the fire and smoke and extinguish if safe to do so

E vacuate Fire Implement Stage one evacuation. Close the door to isolate the fire. The room now forms a barrier between the people and the fire © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Types of fire safety equipment
Fire Extinguishers Fire blankets Main hose and reel © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Types of extinguishers

Construction incidents
Incidents resulting in personal injury or damage to property Near misses or dangerous occurrences that do not cause injury but may pose an immediate and significant risk to persons or property, Need to be reported so that action can be taken to prevent recurrence © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Section 4: construction hazards

Construction hazards asbestos confined spaces electrical: power lines, cords and equipment excavations and trenches, including underground services dust falling objects hazardous substances and dangerous goods hot and cold work environments manual handling noise plant and equipment operation traffic and mobile plant unplanned collapse ultraviolet radiation working at heights, including scaffolding © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Asbestos containing materials (ACMs): Non-friable asbestos, where it is mixed with other materials like cement, is the type most commonly found in our built environment. Friable asbestos is more likely to become airborne. Both pose a significant health risk to all workers and others if the materials are not properly maintained or removed carefully. In the built environment, potential health risks are posed where there is: the presence of ambient levels of asbestos weathering of ACMs the presence of damaged ACMs building and/or maintenance work involving ACMs and demolition and/or removal of ACMs. Asbestos Asbestos is a term for a group of six naturally occurring mineral fibres belonging to two groups: Serpentine Group – comprised of only chrysotile (white asbestos) Amphibole Group – comprised of anthophyllite, amosite (brown asbestos or grey asbestos), crocidolite (blue asbestos), tremolite, and actinolite. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Version 2017v2

Confined Spaces vats, tanks, pits, pipes, ducts, flues, chimneys, silos, containers, pressure vessels, underground sewers, wet or dry wells, shafts, trenches, tunnels or other similar enclosed or partially enclosed structures Enclosed or partially enclosed space that is not intended to be occupied by a person Is at normal atmospheric pressure Is likely to be a risk to health and safety due to unsafe oxygen levels © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Electrical: power lines, cords and equipment
Be aware of unsafe distances for person or plant Conduct risk assessment Implement Controls © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Excavations and trenches, including underground services
Inadequate shoring Suitable barriers are to be erected between person at risk and likely cause of the danger Suitable signs that warn of the risk are required Must be shored up Beware of underground services Be aware of no go areas © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Excavations and trenches, including underground services
Cave-ins are the greatest risk Other hazards include: Asphyxiation due to lack of oxygen Inhalation of toxic materials Fire Moving machinery near the edge of the excavation can cause a collapse Accidental severing of underground utility lines © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Protect Employees Exposed to Potential Cave-ins
Slope or bench the sides of the excavation, Support the sides of the excavation, or Place a shield between the side of the excavation and the work area © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Dust Wood and Wood Dust - contain a potentially deadly chemical, called formaldehyde Employers must provide an efficient dust extraction system to control wood dust. Synthetic Mineral Fibres (SMF) – found in products commonly used in construction of buildings, made from fibreglass, rockwool and ceramic.; and for thermal insulation and sound protection © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Falling Objects 1. Put something in place to stop the object from falling. 2. Stop it free-falling. Develop a safe system of raising and lowering the object. 3. Where you can’t prevent an object from free-falling, make sure it doesn’t hurt someone. You can do this by: establishing exclusion zones providing overhead protection on mobile plant If there are risks of falling objects, wearing a safety hard hat is imperative. 15,500 workers injured by falling objects in last 4 years 17 died, more than 200 permanently disabled Manage the risks © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Hot and cold work environments
Physical discomfort to life threatening conditions Leads to fatigue and illnesses Minimise risk of heat-related illness or hypothermia © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Noise It’s important to know that noise doesn’t have to be painful to be doing damage to the human ear. Exposure to hazardous noise can cause temporary or permanent NIHL and tinnitus (ringing in the ears). Hazardous noise damages the hair cells in the inner ear – and, once they are destroyed, they never grow back. Some very loud noises, such as explosive powered nail guns, firearms, stamping presses and forges, can damage your hearing instantly. This is known as acoustic trauma. For the period 2012 – 2015, the construction industry sector ranked second highest, with workers lodging 17% of the total workers compensation claims for Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL). Acceptable noise level is 85 dB averaged over 8 hours If you have to raise your voice to be heard, the noise level is likely to be 85 dB(A) or more. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Plant and equipment operation
Risk management - the hazard is controlled at its source Contact or access to the hazard is prevented Sturdy construction (correct materials with few points of potential failure) Fail-safe (failure of the control system to be effective will result in machinery shut-down) Tamper-proof design (as difficult as possible to bypass) Presents minimum impediment to machinery and equipment operator Easy to inspect and maintain © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Traffic and mobile plant
Types include forklifts, mobile cranes, elevating work platforms, excavators, front-end loaders, backhoes, ditch diggers, sweepers, dumpers, pile drivers, hole borers, scrapers, skid-steer loaders, rollers, concrete-placing units © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Working at heights, including scaffolding
Fall from any height can cause serious injury or death 2m or more increases the risk of more serious injury or death Manage the risk © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Hazardous Substances Identify hazardous substances Recognise the information on a Safety Data Sheet Identify how to deal with hazardous substances in the workplace © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Hazardous substances Hazardous substance can be any substance, whether solid, liquid or gas, that may cause harm to your health. Hazardous substances are classified on the basis of their potential health effects, whether acute (immediate) or chronic (long-term). © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Hazardous substances acids caustic substances disinfectants glues heavy metals, including mercury, lead, cadmium and aluminium paint pesticides petroleum products © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Safety Data Sheets hazard pictograms signal words (such as danger and warning) hazard statements (such as fatal if swallowed) precautionary statements (such as wear protective gloves). terms and information displayed on chemical labels and SDS handling the product safely, including: potential health effects precautions for use safe storage suggestions emergency first aid instructions contact numbers for further information. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Manual Handling

Section 5: safe work practices

Safe Work Practices Item Expectation Selecting and using PPE Must be worn when completing tasks; must be fitted well and fit for the purpose identifying and reporting hazards, incidents and injuries in the workplace Must report – duty of care to others and aids to minimise risks Follow safe work procedures Pre-start checks, tool box meetings, hazard identification, duty of care to others, completing JSA’s prior to tasks being commenced. Minimising site disturbance and dust. Vehicles using nominated routes, placing gravel to road access points, covering loads, controlling dust etc © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Safe Work Practices Item Expectation Drugs and alcohol at work Not permitted - this would endanger themselves or others The use of amenities Toilets should be kept clean and hygienic , drinking water must be supplied; and hand washing facilities must be supplied Smoking Permitted only in designated areas Bullying and harassment Not permitted or condoned, and should be prevented or deterred and reported Housekeeping Own work area must be kept tidy, clean and free from hazards Storing materials and equipment Stored in safe and systematic manner allowing safe retrieval and as per SDS and legislative requirements Disposing of litter and debris Build up could affect site access and egress, be a fire hazard, affect floors and surfaces Disposal must not create a risk to the environment © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Types of PPE Protective/well fitting clothing Arm guards Aprons High visibility retro reflective vests Safety footwear Hard hat Eye protection Hearing protection Gloves Respiratory protection, UV protective Clothing / sunscreen © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Version 2017v2

Fitting of PPE Ear Plugs used the opposite hand, reached across the head and pulled the ear up and back and inserted the ear plug until it sealed – tip of the ear plug should be visible from the front Face Mask are the edges tight, does it fit around the nose, does it fit around the chin, are the straps in place, are the filters attached correctly Hard Hat Be in good condition; no damage; fit the person wearing it and be worn properly; must not stop the wearing of hearing protectors as well (when needed); only be obtained from a reputable supplier; set flush on the hear Eye protection place over face and eyes and adjust to fit Hi Vis jackets ensure it fits well, allows for safety straps if required; has reflective front and back panels; is buttoned up Gloves extend to cover wrist Boots a firm heel counter and deep heel seat that holds the heel well and doesn’t slip when walking; sufficient depth and width at the toes to prevent pressure on toes and nails; a sole that does not bend at the ball of the foot. The shoe should not bend in the middle of the shoe under the arch. The boot must be firm, well-padded synthetic or rubber sole with non-slip tread; soft upper with minimal stitching; laces; a heel less than 2.5 cm high; little distortion on attempting to twist the shoe; a shape that matches your feet. Ear Muffs Muffs should make a good seal against the head and should fully cover the outer ear without pushing against the ears. Additionally, the headband should be the correct length to hold the cushions over the ears Prior to placement on the head, hair should be carefully pulled back and away from the cushions. Placing earmuffs over obstructing hair or safety glasses with thick frames may reduce the earmuff attenuation by 5-10 dB. One simple method for checking earmuff fit is to lift one or both muffs away from the head while in a noisy environment. If the noise is considerably louder with the adjustment, then the earmuffs are providing at least some degree of noise reduction. Earmuff should be comfortable to wear © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

What is a job safety analysis (JSA)?
A user- friendly means of identifying hazards and controlling the risks in our activities. is normally a team exercise where a task is broken down into a sequence of basic steps each JSA belongs to a “parent”’ process that has been subject to Risk Assessment. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

JSA steps: Identify associated hazards Assess risk and assign risk level Define actions to eliminate of control the risk Reassess the residual risk Document JSA in standard format © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

What is a safe work method statement? A Safe Work Method Statement or SWMS achieves the following: Identify what kind of work or task is known as “high-risk” or perhaps dangerous Point out how the dangers and threats could affect an individual's safety and health at work Produce procedures that can help control the risks Describe the way the danger control measures have to be carried out or even implemented on the job © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Bullying and harassment

Bullying in the workplace
Defined as: Repeated and unreasonable behaviour directed towards an employee or group of employees that creates a risk to health and safety © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Section 6: signs and symbols

Safety signs and symbols - Colours
Red signs mean “do not”, Blue signs mean “must do”, Yellow signs mean “be aware”, and Green signs provide “information”. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Section 6: communication and reporting

Communication and Reporting
The WHS System is constantly improving and consultation provides an opportunity to change workplace procedures that impact on worker’s health and safety. You can input into safety issues when you work with the employers, consult on hazards and discuss solutions to safety issues. There are three methods to use: © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Methods of consultation
Health and Safety Representative Suggestion boxes, tool box talks Health and Safety Committee © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Role of the OSH Committee: S40
consult and cooperate between the employer and employees in initiating, developing and implementing safety and health measures keep itself informed on safety and health standards, including those at similar workplaces, and make recommendations to the employer; ensure information about relevant hazards is kept in a readily accessible place for employees; consider and make recommendations on changes that may affect the safety and health of employees; consider matters referred to it by safety and health representatives. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Advantages of reporting WHS Issues:
It helps to clarify the responsibility of the OSH Event It maintains the procedures for OSH. It meets the legislative requirement for incidents and accident reporting People are made safe and procedures are changed as a result © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

Different Types of Reporting
You can report WHS issues by: a verbal report to a supervisor completing a Hazard Report form raising the issue at a staff meeting. Reporting emergency situations or incident reports © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

How do I, as a worker, report a workplace injury or illness? If you sustain a workplace injury or illness you must report it to your employer in writing within 30 days of becoming aware of it. © VETiS Consulting Services Pty Ltd Version 2017v2

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