1. Music Through The Ages Monday, February 29th

2. Objectives Review Haydn and Mozart Continue Beethoven ALL Missing work is due by the end of this week! Happy Monday!

3. Mozart and Haydn Review What were the years of Haydn? Where was Haydn born? Where did Haydn travel to, twice? Which major family did Haydn work for? What was Haydn’s primary instrument? First teacher? Which teacher of Haydn was pivotal in Haydn’s development and moving the Classical Period forward? How many operas did Mozart write? Who was Mozart’s first teacher? Name? Which major composer did Mozart study with? Both Le Nozze di Figaro and Zauberflöte are what type of an opera? What were the years of Mozart? Where was Mozart born? Mozart was a child prodigy on what instrument?

4. Mozart’s Operas Who were the main characters in Figaro? What were some major events that occurred during the opera? Who were the main characters in Zauberflöte? From what we saw, what was the plot that was unfolding in Zauberflöte? What were some major differences between these two operas? Characters, language, voice types etc.

5. Listening Review https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1FSN8_pp_o https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k1-TrAvp_xs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=59Rq77OyFSI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dpVV9jShEzU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l45DAuXYSIs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4t3Vmo_EM8Y https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4l2c58sWCC4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OitPLIowJ70 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oaaoTe5TZls

6. Ludwig van Beethoven Born in Bonn (Elector of Cologne) Germany 1770-1827 Composer and Pianist Was also recognized as a child prodigy; began public performances and tours at the age of 6 His father, Johann van Beethoven, was his first teacher

7. Beethoven’s Earlier Years In 1779, Beethoven began studying at age 9 with Christian Gottlob Neefe who was the Kapellmeister of Bonn Neefe taught Beethoven composition and gave him organ lessons In 1781 Beethoven becomes assistant organist to Neefe (unofficial) In 1783 Beethoven writes his first published compositions; keyboard variations In 1784 Beethoven becomes the assistant Kapellmeister (officially) In 1784 he writes his first Piano Sonatas Kurfürst (Elector) in dedication to Elector Maximilian Friedrich

8. Beethoven’s Earlier Years https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=57HcAt2eUc8 In 1787, Beethoven travels to Vienna in the hopes of studying with Mozart (no record on if they met or not) Had to return earlier than expected because his mother became ill Soon after his return his mother passes away, leaving Beethoven to care for the family During this time he learned the viola and joined the court orchestra to support his family

9. Journey to Vienna In 1790, Beethoven travels to Vienna December meets Haydn briefly; Haydn agrees to teach Beethoven when he returns from London 1790-1792, Beethoven has major compositional output but publishes none of his works Beethoven is intent and refining his compositional ability before publishing Studies Bach’s Well-Tempered Clavier and becomes an expert in counterpoint

10. Reception in Vienna Although he was battling partial deafness, Beethoven was still considered one of the premier piano virtuosos in Vienna 1795 marked Beethoven’s first public performance of his own works Here he played his Piano Concerto’s 1 and 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zns6-njnqB8 (1:19) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zns6-njnqB8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mp7xXwPOShM

11. Beethoven’s Deafness In 1800, at the age of 30, Beethoven began losing his hearing Beethoven suffered from a severe form of Tinnitus (ringing in the ears) 1802 marks a personal crisis in his life which he emerges from with a new perspective and scope and depth of writing This time period marked the beginning of the end of Beethoven’s performing and conducting career In 1812, Beethoven becomes completely deaf The last 15 years of his life are said to have his most impressive compositional ouput

12. Patronage Beethoven attained the type of patronage none of his predecessors were able to In 1801, Beethoven was completely reliant on his patrons and therefore did not need to perform publicly or conduct; he could choose for whom he wrote and whom he performed 1798-1800 he writes his first six string quartets…as well as Piano Sonata No.8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KKFzy7tEXu4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cg9KQ610biU 1801 writes Piano Sonata No. 14 (Moonlight Sonata) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Tr0otuiQuU In 1801 and 1803 he wrote his first two symphonies: 1 and 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Pr6Wvqz8FY (:36) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Pr6Wvqz8FY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MGKxsRqKWsU (:29) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MGKxsRqKWsU

13. Beethoven’s Piano Works In total, Beethoven wrote 32 Piano Sonata’s, No. 8 and 14 being his most popular He also wrote 5 Piano Concertos The Piano Concerto’s show off Beethoven’s considerable complex writing both for piano and orchestra Piano Concert No. 5 “Emperor” It is named Emperor for it’s heroic themes throughout and powerful harmonies https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hDXWK3W477w