1. HIV and AIDS Quiz ANSWERS A Strategic Planning Session for Parliamentary Select Committees on HIV/AIDS and the Social Cluster Portfolio Committee. Maseru, July 2009 Test your HIV and AIDS Knowledge

2. HIV and AIDS Quiz 1. In Africa more women than men are HIV+

3. HIV and AIDS Quiz Answer: Answer; True. Over 60% of HIV+ Africans are women. Source: World Health Organization United Nations Report, December 2007.

4. HIV and AIDS Quiz 2. In Africa, More women than men are living with HIV. □ True □ False

5. HIV and AIDS Quiz Answer: True. 61% of HIV positive Africans are women. Source: World Health Organization / United Nations AIDS Report, December 2007

6. HIV and AIDS Quiz 3. How soon after HIV infection will an antibody test reliably indicate a person HIV status? □ 3-6 weeks □ 3-6 months □ 3-6 years

7. HIV and AIDS Quiz Answer: 3-6 weeks for the most commonly used diagnostic test. HIV infection is usually diagnosed through the detection of antibodies that are part of the immune system’s response to HIV. These antibodies are not immediately present at the time of infection. The period between initial infection and the first time a laboratory test will return a positive result is known as the “window period.” Source: BHP-Botswana Harvard Partnership

8. HIV and AIDS Quiz 4. A person who has just contracted HIV cannot transmit the virus to others for at least six weeks after infection. □ True □ False

9. HIV and AIDS Quiz Answer: False. A person can spread HIV very soon after infection, and in fact during the first few weeks after new infection transmission rates are much higher. Source: BHP-Botswana Harvard Partnership

10. HIV and AIDS Quiz 5. Which of the following can reliably diagnose someone with HIV? □ Persistent cough □ Purple spots on skin □ Extreme weight loss □ Vomiting and diarrhea □ None of the above

11. HIV and AIDS Quiz Answer: None of the above. Only a blood test can confirm if someone is HIV positive. These symptoms can be caused by other diseases commonly associated with AIDS. Source: AMFAR-American Foundation for AIDS Research

12. HIV and AIDS Quiz 6. What is the most common opportunistic disease affecting HIV patients? □ Pneumonia □ Tuberculosis □ Meningitis

13. HIV and AIDS Quiz Answer: Tuberculosis. Persons living with HIV are more susceptible to a broad range of infections and diseases, but the most common is tuberculosis. Source: BHP-Botswana Harvard Partnership

14. HIV and AIDS Quiz 7. Which bodily fluids do not transmit HIV from one person to another? □ Blood □ Sweat □ Tears □ Urine □ Saliva □ Semen □ Breast milk □ Vaginal fluid

15. HIV and AIDS Quiz Answer: All these fluids can contain HIV. But doctors say it is unlikely to catch HIV from exposure to an infected person’s sweat, tears, urine or saliva.

16. HIV and AIDS Quiz 8. Without any medical intervention, what percentage of babies are likely to contract HIV from their mothers if she is HIV positive? □ 20% □ 40% □ 80% □ 100%

17. HIV and AIDS Quiz Answer: 40%. Around 40% if there are no interventions before or during birth and the mother breast feeds her baby

18. HIV and AIDS Quiz 9. At what stage can HIV positive mothers pass HIV to their? □ During pregnancy □ During labor and birth □ During breast feeding

19. HIV and AIDS Quiz Answer: Mother-to-child transmission can occur at all stages. Perhaps 5% to 10% of babies born to HIV positive mothers are infected during pregnancy, about 10% to 15% are infected during labor and birth, and about 10% to 15% are infected during test feeding, the rates being higher if breast feeding is prolonged and included mixed feeding. Source: BHP-Botswana Harvard Partnership

20. HIV and AIDS Quiz 10. Is there a vaccine for HIV? □ Yes □ No

21. HIV and AIDS Quiz Answer: No. Researchers are trying to develop a vaccine, but no vaccine is available at this point in time and it is highly unlikely there will be an effective vaccine available for many years to come. Source: AMFAR-American Foundation for AIDS Research

22. HIV and AIDS Quiz 11. In which populations do the most new infections occur in high prevalence countries? □ Men who have sex with men □ Sex workers □ People with multiple and concurrent sexual partners

23. HIV and AIDS Quiz Answer: In people with multiple and concurrent sexual partners. Although men who practice unprotected anal sex with men have higher rates of HIV, and so do sex workers who are not using condoms consistently, the overall number of new infections is far higher in adults in general who have multiple and concurrent partners, or whose single partner has other partners. The is because there are numerically so many more people living with HIV in the general population in high prevalence epidemics. Source: AMFAR-American Foundation for AIDS Research

24. HIV and AIDS Quiz 12. Does modern male circumcision reduce HIV transmission to from HIV positive female partners by about: □ 10% □ 15% □ 60% □ 95%

25. HIV and AIDS Quiz Answer: By at least 60% Source: AMFAR-American Foundation for AIDS Research

26. HIV and AIDS Quiz 12. To what extent can consistent, correct use of condoms reduce HIV transmission: □ 10% □ 15% □ 60% □ Over 90%

27. HIV and AIDS Quiz ANSWERS A Strategic Planning Session for Parliamentary Select Committees on HIV/AIDS and the Social Cluster Portfolio Committee. Maseru, July 2009 Test your HIV and AIDS Knowledge