2. Today we will discuss on -

3. Scientific Method Scientific method is the systematic study through prearranged steps that ensures utmost objectivity and uniformity in investigating a research problem Scientific method consists of – Empirical data & Theory to explain data

4. Sociological Research Like scientific method, sociological research will include collection of data/ empirical investigation analysis of data application of theory to explain data build up knowledge about particular subjects But Sociological question maintains different dimensions Like scientific method, sociological research will include collection of data/ empirical investigation analysis of data application of theory to explain data build up knowledge about particular subjects But Sociological question maintains different dimensions

5. Line of Sociological questions  Factual question  Comparative question  Developmental question  Theoretical question

6. Basic Concepts of Sociological Research Theory: Deductive & Inductive Data: Empirical materials Sample: A sub-set of population Variable: Any aspect along which persons, groups or things vary Concept: Building blocks of theory Theory: Deductive & Inductive Data: Empirical materials Sample: A sub-set of population Variable: Any aspect along which persons, groups or things vary Concept: Building blocks of theory

7. Nature of social research Quantitative research: -Quantify the observations of human behaviors with numbers or numerical presentation. -Deductive view -Numerical data -Data measured by counting & scaling Cont………

8. Nature of Quantitative research -Statistical analysis of data -Hypothesis testing based on sample of observations -Positivist approach -Statistical analysis of data -Hypothesis testing based on sample of observations -Positivist approach

9. Qualitative Research  The social world is understood by examining the interpretation of that world by its participants.  Inductive view  Data collected in words in stead of in numbers  Data are analyzed in interpretivist approach

10. Causation & Correlation Existence of regular relationship between two sets of occurrences or variables. Observed correlation might not imply causal relationship between variables. Causal relationship between correlated variables exists when one becomes the cause of another