1. Age of Absolutism Absolutism In England

2. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714)  Elizabeth was the last Tudor monarch of England. After her death, the son of her cousin, James I would inherit the throne.

3. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) I.James I, 1603-1625 A.Believed in the divine right to rule. B.Spent a great deal of government money. C.Had poor relations with the English Parliament.

4. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) II.Charles I (son of James I) 1625-1647 A. Opposed the Puritans and wanted to make England adopt Catholic ways. B.Asked Parliament for money to fight a war but was only given a fraction.

5. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) C.Charles was forced to sign the Petition of Rights by Parliament. This limited the king’s power in three ways. 1.He couldn’t collect taxes without the consent of the Parliament. 2.He couldn’t imprison anyone without just cause. 3.Troops could not be housed in a private home without the owner’s consent.

6. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) D.Charles went against his word ignoring the Petition of Rights he had signed.

7. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) III.Causes of the English Civil War A.Parliament wanted to limit the king’s power. B.Parliament wanted to ensure that the Catholic Church was not established as the main church. C.Parliament wanted to have more control over taxes, policy, and government. D.Parliament wanted to protect the rights of the people.

8. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) IV.Charles vs. Parliament A.Supporters of the crown were called cavaliers. B.Supporters of the Parliament were called roundheads.

9. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) C.Parliament forces were led by Oliver Cromwell, who eventually controlled the power of Parliament. D. After four years of fighting, the royalist armies under Charles surrendered in May 1646.

10. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) E. In 1647 Charles I became the first monarch in European history to be executed. F. England became a commonwealth, a state governed by elected representatives.

11. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) V. The Monarchy Reestablished A. Parliament agreed to have a king once again. B. However, no king would ever have absolute power in England again.

12. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) VI. Charles II (son of Charles I) 1660-1685 A. Began the period of Restoration. B. A constitutional monarchy was established, which was a monarchy limited by a constitution.

13. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) C. England’s constitution was made up of numerous documents like the Petition of Rights and the Magna Carta. D. Charles II would have no children.

14. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) VII. James II (brother of Charles II) 1685- 1689) A. Wanted to restore the absolute monarchy and Roman Catholicism. B. Parliament united against James II and he was overthrown.

15. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) VIII.William & Mary (daughter and son-in- law of James) 1689-1702 A. Took over the thrown without any bloodshed. Therefore, this is known as the Glorious Revolution. B. Let Parliament govern England. C. Parliament passed the Bill of Rights, which basically gave them total control. D. Also passed the Act of Settlement, which excluded any Catholic from inheriting the throne.

16. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) IX. Anne (sister of Mary)1702- 1714 A. Parliament continued to gain power. B. Signed the Act of Union in 1707, which united England and Scotland into one country known as Great Britain. C. Had no children.

17. The Stuart Dynasty(1603-1714) X. After her death, the throne would pass to the Hanover family of Germany. The granddaughter of James I, Sophia was married to a German elector.