1. Warm-up  What were some new Civil War technologies?  How did medication improve during the Civil War?  What was the Gettysburg Address and Why was it given?

2. During the Civil War Objective: Students will understand the events during the Civil War.

3. Civil War Battles  Battle of Fort Sumter, SC  First battle of the civil war- April 12-14, 1861  Zero Died  Union surrendered the fort to the Confederacy- Confederate Victory  1 st Battle of Bull Run / Manassas, VA  July 21, 1861  First Bloodshed Battle of the Civil War  General Thomas Jackson held the Confederate firm- earned name “Stonewall”  Confederate Victory

4. Battle of Fort Sumter

5. 1 st Battle of Bull Run Stonewall Jackson

6. Civil War Battles continued…  Battle of Antietam, MD  Single bloodiest day in American military history- almost 23,000 casualties- September 16-18, 1862  Union troops under George McClellan outnumbered Confederate troops under General Robert E. Lee  McClellan was fired by Lincoln for having “the slows”  Union Victory- Union possibly could have ended the Civil War

7. Battle of Antietam

8. "Every stalk of corn in the northern and greater part of the field was cut as closely as could have been done with a knife, and the slain lay in rows precisely as they had stood in their ranks a few moments before. It was never my fortune to witness a more bloody, dismal battle-field. – General J. Hooker"

9. Civil War Battles continued…  Battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania  Turning point of the Civil War- July 1-3, 1863  General Lee wanted to move Confederate troops further north- General George Meade (Union) held strong  Confederate charge of Union troops unsuccessful  Union Victory http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/american-civil-war-history/videos/the-battle-of-gettysburg

11. The Gettysburg Address  Abraham Lincoln’s speech in November 1863, at the dedication of a national cemetery on the site of the Battle of Gettysburg http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/gettysburgaddress.htm

12. Emancipation Proclamation  Issued January 1, 1863  Executive order by Abraham Lincoln that freed all slaves behind confederate lines  Discouraged Britain from supporting the Confederacy  Did not free any slaves immediately  High symbolic importance; gave the war a moral purpose- Free the slaves http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/american- civil-war-history/videos/civil-war-turning-point

13. Political Problems During the War  Many people did not support the war  President Lincoln dealt with this disloyalty by suspending the writ of habeas corpus- the right to appear before a court to determine if a prisoner is being held legally  Copperheads- Northern Democrats that wanted peace with the South without military action

14. The Draft  Both the Union and the Confederacy practiced conscription- a draft that forced certain members of the population to serve in the military  Men that could afford it hired others to take their places  Confederates howled, “rich man’s war, but a poor man’s fight”  Northern poor immigrants had draft riots in New York which resulted in more than 100 deaths

15. African-Americans Fight  Congress passed a law allowing African-Americans to serve in the US military in 1862  African-Americans suffered discrimination and served in different Union regiments as whites  Many African-American Union soldiers were executed by Confederate soldiers or taken back into slavery  Slaves in the south protested by neglecting their jobs on plantations

16. War Economies Confederacy  Food Shortages  Inflation  Lack of medicines Union  Industries boomed  White male workers were replaced by women and children  Standard of living went down  First income taxes- taken to pay for war debt

17. Soldiers Suffer http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/american-civil- war-history/videos/civil-war-turning-point Conditions in Army camps were unsanitary  Food was in limited supply  Nurses cared for the injured- Clara Barton  Prisons (especially in the south) were crowded and unsafe- many died

18. Civil War Battles continued…  Battle of Vicksburg, Mississippi  Part of the Anaconda Plan- split the South & take control of Mississippi River- May 18-July 4, 1863  General Ulysses S. Grant (Union) fought General John Pemberton (Confederacy) for 47 days- Confederates surrender  Union Victory

19. Civil War Battles continued…  Sherman’s March to Sea (1864- 1865)  General William T. Sherman (Union) wanted to destroy the Confederacy’s will to wage war  “Total Destruction” on civilians and troops  Takes Atlanta, Georgia- marches to the coast- North to South Carolina then North Carolina  Union Victory

20. Civil War Battles continued…  Battle of Appomattox Court House  General Lee (Confederate) surrenders to General Grant (Union)- April 9, 1865  General Grant had Lee’s army surrounded  A letter was given to Lee which outlined the generous demands of the Union  Union Victory