1. Poetry SMACKDOWN! IB/AP English 12

2. 3 Groups 1. Dramatic poetry: when speaker/character of poem speaks to someone else who may respond, but usually responses are not part of poem –“The Flea” 2. Narrative poetry: poems that tell a story with elements of plot –Epics: The Inferno; The Odyssey; Beowulf 3. Lyric poetry (lyrics): a poem that expresses one central thought or emotion –Many forms fall into this genre

3. Ballads Can be narrative and/or dramatic poems Characteristics: –Question and answer format –Refrain –Omitted details –Supernatural elements –Sensational or tragic subject matter

4. Lyric Forms Ode Elegy Aubade Villanelle Epigram Sonnet Pastoral

5. Sonnet Forms Italian/Petrarchan –An octave: abbaabba –A sestet: cdecde English/Shakespearean –Three quatrains: abab cdcd efef –A couplet: gg –Spenserian = abab bcbc cdcd ee

6. Sonnet Techniques Each quatrain presents one idea in relation to topic Ending couplet usually presents the theme Blason = an ordered poem of praise, organized detail by detail Turn/volta = A shift in focus or thought; the speaker is “turning” from one thing to another –Usually there is one, significant turn

7. Time Periods/Movements Anglo-Saxon Middle Ages Renaissance Restoration Romantic Victorian Modern

8. Important Poetic Movements before Modernism Carpe Diem Poetry (Renaissance) –Andrew Marvell Metaphysical Poetry (Renaissance) –John Donne Romantic Poetry –William Wordsworth

9. Meter Iamb = balloon, above Trochee = soda, under Anapest = contradict, in the sky Dactyl = maniac Spondee = manmade

10. Feet = units of measurement Dimeter Trimeter Tetrameter Pentameter

11. Put it Together & What Do You Get? Iambic tetrameter Dactylic pentameter Anapestic hexameter, etc. Trochaic trimeter

12. Line Groupings Rule #1 has a particular rhyme scheme Rule #2 each line has the same meter Couplet Sestet Octave Quatrain

13. Rhyme Slant (half) rhyme – imperfect, approximate rhyme Enjambment End-stopped lines Caesura